Liu Fude, Zheng Bowen, Zheng Yi, Mo Xue, Li Desheng
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Hazardous Waste Safety Disposal and Recycling Technology, School of Environmental Science and Safety Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology Tianjin 300384 China
RSC Adv. 2019 Sep 27;9(53):30615-30627. doi: 10.1039/c9ra05332h. eCollection 2019 Sep 26.
The heavy metals Al, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn, As, and Cd in the rainfall-driven supratidal wetlands along the west coast of the Bohai Sea (the areas are named site 1, site 2, site 3, and site 4 from south to north in the gradient in this study) are tested for their accumulation risks and sources. Results show that the distribution and enrichment of the heavy metals in the supratidal wetlands are lower in site 1 than in sites 2-4. The risk indices (RIs) of all sites are less than 150, indicating low-moderate risk. However, the RI values are primarily dominated by the risk indices ( ) of As and Cd. The accumulative contribution values of -As and -Cd in sites 1, 2, 3, and 4 are 79.05%, 77.80%, 80.54%, and 76.43%, respectively. Additionally, the contamination degree ( ) and the Nemero comprehensive pollution index (PN) of the supratidal wetland in site 1 are 6.86 and 0.74 respectively, indicating a low-risk state. By contrast, the and PN values of the other three supratidal wetlands are higher than those of site 1, suggesting an increasing accumulation risk for heavy metals in sites 2, 3 and 4. Our analysis indicates that the heavy metals Al, Cr, Mn, and Fe in all the supratidal wetlands mainly originate from the weathering of rocks and their parent materials. Pb is significantly correlated with anthropogenic activities, while Cu, As, and Cd are likely induced by anthropogenic activities and atmospheric deposition. The sources of Ni and Zn should be determined on the basis of the situation of the wetland and its surrounding areas. For example, Ni is mainly affected by anthropogenic activities in site 2, whereas the origins of Ni are soil parent materials or atmospheric depositions in sites 1, 3, and 4. Our results can provide data to support the utilization strategy and sustainable development plans for marine space resources on the coast of the Bohai Sea.
对渤海西海岸受降雨驱动的潮上带湿地（本研究中这些区域从南到北沿梯度依次命名为站点1、站点2、站点3和站点4）中的重金属铝（Al）、铬（Cr）、铜（Cu）、镍（Ni）、铅（Pb）、锌（Zn）、铁（Fe）、锰（Mn）、砷（As）和镉（Cd）进行了累积风险和来源测试。结果表明，潮上带湿地中重金属的分布和富集程度在站点1低于站点2 - 4。所有站点的风险指数（RIs）均小于150，表明风险为低 - 中度。然而，RI值主要由砷（As）和镉（Cd）的风险指数（ ）主导。站点1、2、3和4中 -As和 -Cd的累积贡献值分别为79.05%、77.80%、80.54%和76.43%。此外，站点1潮上带湿地的污染程度（ ）和内梅罗综合污染指数（PN）分别为6.86和0.74，表明处于低风险状态。相比之下，其他三个潮上带湿地的 和PN值高于站点1，表明站点2、3和4中重金属的累积风险在增加。我们的分析表明，所有潮上带湿地中的重金属铝、铬、锰和铁主要源自岩石及其母质的风化。铅与人为活动显著相关，而铜、砷和镉可能由人为活动和大气沉降引起。镍和锌的来源应根据湿地及其周边地区的情况确定。例如，站点2中镍主要受人为活动影响，而站点1、3和4中镍的来源是土壤母质或大气沉降。我们的结果可为渤海沿岸海洋空间资源的利用策略和可持续发展规划提供数据支持。
