Gan Ting, Cheng Hui-Lin, Tse Mun Yee Mimi
School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Asia Pac J Oncol Nurs. 2021 Dec 29;9(2):81-87. doi: 10.1016/j.apjon.2021.12.013. eCollection 2022 Feb.
Dietary problems are frequently reported in cancer patients and survivors which may reduce quality of life and cancer survival. Nurses' role in dietary management is recognized as important, but review evidence on nurse-led dietary interventions for cancer patients and survivors is lacking. This review aims to summarize evidence on nurse-led dietary interventions for cancer patients and survivors. Ten electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, CENTRAL, EMBASE, Web of Science, Ovid, CNKI, Wan Fang, CQVIP, Index to Taiwan Periodical Literature System) were searched from inception dates to November 11, 2021, using the key search terms "cancer/nutrition/nurse-led/intervention." Eligible studies were experimental studies on nurse-led dietary interventions for improving dietary intake in cancer patients and survivors published in peer-reviewed journals in English or Chinese. The methodological quality of the included studies was evaluated using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias assessment tool. Data were extracted and summarized descriptively. Three randomized controlled trials on nurse-led dietary counseling published between 2005 and 2018 were included, with an overall high risk of bias. Two studies found positive intervention effects in improving fruit and vegetable intake, while the other study demonstrated an increase in energy intake. This is the first systematic review to summarize the evidence on nurse-led dietary interventions for cancer patients and survivors. Although available studies are limited, a positive trend was identified in that nurse-led dietary interventions are effective in increasing dietary intake in cancer patients and survivors. Additional studies in this field are required to further explore nurses' role in the development of nutritional oncology care.
癌症患者及幸存者经常出现饮食问题，这可能会降低生活质量和癌症生存率。护士在饮食管理中的作用被认为很重要，但缺乏关于护士主导的癌症患者及幸存者饮食干预的综述证据。本综述旨在总结护士主导的癌症患者及幸存者饮食干预的证据。从创刊日期到2021年11月11日，检索了十个电子数据库（PubMed、CINAHL、CENTRAL、EMBASE、Web of Science、Ovid、CNKI、万方、维普、台湾期刊论文索引系统），使用的关键检索词为“癌症/营养/护士主导/干预”。符合条件的研究是发表在同行评审期刊上的关于护士主导的饮食干预以改善癌症患者及幸存者饮食摄入的实验性研究，语言为英文或中文。使用修订后的Cochrane偏倚风险评估工具对纳入研究的方法学质量进行评估。对数据进行提取并进行描述性总结。纳入了2005年至2018年间发表的三项关于护士主导的饮食咨询的随机对照试验，总体偏倚风险较高。两项研究发现干预对增加水果和蔬菜摄入量有积极效果，而另一项研究表明能量摄入量有所增加。这是第一项总结护士主导的癌症患者及幸存者饮食干预证据的系统综述。尽管现有研究有限，但已确定了一个积极趋势，即护士主导的饮食干预在增加癌症患者及幸存者的饮食摄入量方面是有效的。该领域需要更多研究来进一步探索护士在营养肿瘤护理发展中的作用。
