Department of Research in Biomedicine in Health, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia.
Centre for Science and Technology Studies (CWTS), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Account Res. 2023 Dec;30(8):633-671. doi: 10.1080/08989621.2022.2073819. Epub 2022 Jun 17.
Promoting and implementing research integrity is considered the joint responsibility and effort of multiple stakeholders in the research community. We conducted a scoping review and analyzed 236 research articles and gray literature publications from biomedical sciences, social sciences, natural sciences (including engineering), and humanities that dealt with the factors that may positively or negatively impact the promotion and implementation of research integrity. Critical appraisal of evidence was performed for studies describing interventions aimed at research integrity promotion in order to provide insight into the effectiveness of these interventions. The results of this scoping review provide a comprehensive taxonomy of factors with positive or negative impact and their relatedness to individual researchers, research performing and funding organizations, and the system of science. Moreover, the results show that efforts for fostering and promoting research integrity should be implemented at all three levels (researcher, institution, system) simultaneously to deliver greater adherence and implementation of research integrity practices. Although various educational interventions aiming at research integrity promotion exist, we were not able to conclude on the effectiveness of explored interventions due to the methodological quality issues in the studies.
促进和落实研究诚信被认为是研究界多个利益相关者的共同责任和努力。我们进行了范围界定审查，分析了来自生物医学科学、社会科学、自然科学（包括工程学）和人文学科的 236 篇研究文章和灰色文献出版物，这些文章涉及可能对促进和落实研究诚信产生积极或消极影响的因素。我们对描述旨在促进研究诚信的干预措施的研究进行了证据的批判性评估，以便深入了解这些干预措施的有效性。这项范围界定审查的结果提供了一个具有积极或消极影响的因素的综合分类法，以及它们与个别研究人员、研究执行和资助组织以及科学系统的相关性。此外，结果表明，促进和推广研究诚信的努力应该同时在三个层面（研究人员、机构、系统）上进行，以提高对研究诚信实践的遵守和执行。尽管存在各种旨在促进研究诚信的教育干预措施，但由于研究中的方法学质量问题，我们无法确定所探讨的干预措施的有效性。
