College of Animal Science and Technology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Agricultural and Forestry University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311300, China.
Zhejiang Vegamax Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Anji, Zhejiang, 313300, China.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2022 Jun;125:65-73. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.05.004. Epub 2022 May 6.
This study aims to investigate the effects of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on growth performance, non-specific immunity, antioxidant capacity and intestinal microflora in Chinese mitten crabs. The crabs were randomly arranged to three experimental diets groups containing 0 (control group), 1000 mg/kg GML (GML1000 group), and 2000 mg/kg GML (GML2000 group), respectively. After 8 weeks of breeding, results showed a better growth performance in GML2000 group, with a higher PWG, SGR and lower FCR (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, in GML2000 group the activities of phenoloxidase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and lysozyme in hemolymph were increased (P < 0.05), also the activities of hemolymph and hepatopancreas superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were increased in hepatopancreas (P < 0.05). While malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were lower significantly (P < 0.05) both in GML1000 and GML2000 groups. Furthermore, the mRNA expression of TLR1, TLR2, which related to the Toll pathway were increased (P < 0.05). Supplementation of 2000 mg/kg GML up-regulated the expression of ALF and LZM (P < 0.05), and down-regulated the expression of caspase-3 (P < 0.05). The abundance of Firmicutes increased in GML2000 group (P < 0.05), and Shewanella was significantly increased (P < 0.05) in both GML1000 and GML2000 groups. In conclusion, dietary supplemented with GML enhanced the growth performance and antioxidant capacity, enhanced hemolymph immune enzymes activities and antimicrobial peptides expression through regulating the proPO system and Toll pathway, and improved gut microflora in Chinese mitten crabs.
本研究旨在探讨甘油单月桂酸酯（GML）对中华绒螯蟹生长性能、非特异性免疫、抗氧化能力和肠道微生物区系的影响。将螃蟹随机分为三组实验饲料组，分别含有 0（对照组）、1000mg/kg GML（GML1000 组）和 2000mg/kg GML（GML2000 组）。经过 8 周的养殖，结果显示 GML2000 组生长性能更好，增重率（PWG）、特定生长率（SGR）更高，饲料系数（FCR）更低（P<0.05）。同时，GML2000 组血淋巴中酚氧化酶、碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶和溶菌酶的活性增加（P<0.05），血淋巴和肝胰腺中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）的活性也增加（P<0.05）。而丙二醛（MDA）浓度在 GML1000 和 GML2000 组均显著降低（P<0.05）。此外，与 Toll 途径相关的 TLR1 和 TLR2 的 mRNA 表达增加（P<0.05）。补充 2000mg/kg GML 上调了 ALF 和 LZM 的表达（P<0.05），并下调了 caspase-3 的表达（P<0.05）。GML2000 组厚壁菌门的丰度增加（P<0.05），GML1000 和 GML2000 组中的希瓦氏菌属显著增加（P<0.05）。综上所述，日粮中添加 GML 可通过调节 proPO 系统和 Toll 途径增强中华绒螯蟹的生长性能和抗氧化能力，增强血淋巴免疫酶活性和抗菌肽表达，并改善肠道微生物区系。
