Department of Thoracic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 371, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Department of Thoracic Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Unit 371, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Radiol Clin North Am. 2022 May;60(3):497-506. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2022.01.006.
Fungal pneumonia is the most frequent presentation of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) in patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) recipients. The most common causes include Aspergillus, Mucor, Fusarium, and Candida species. The high incidence and high morbidity and mortality rate of fungal pneumonias in HM/HSCT populations arise from severe immune dysfunction that may be caused by both the underlying disease and/or its treatment. CT is routinely used when pulmonary complications are suspected after HSCT. Appropriate image interpretation of the posttransplant patient requires a combination of pattern recognition and knowledge of the clinical setting. In this article, we provide an overview of the clinical manifestations and CT imaging features of the most common invasive fungal pneumonias (IFPs) seen in severely immunosuppressed hosts.
真菌性肺炎是血液恶性肿瘤（HM）和造血干细胞移植（HSCT）受者中侵袭性真菌感染（IFI）最常见的表现。最常见的病原体包括曲霉属、毛霉属、镰刀菌属和念珠菌属。HM/HSCT 人群中真菌性肺炎的高发病率、高发病率和高死亡率是由严重的免疫功能障碍引起的，这种免疫功能障碍可能是由基础疾病和/或其治疗引起的。HSCT 后怀疑发生肺部并发症时，通常会进行 CT 检查。要对移植后患者的图像进行正确解读，需要结合模式识别和对临床环境的了解。本文概述了严重免疫抑制宿主中最常见的侵袭性真菌性肺炎（IFP）的临床表现和 CT 成像特征。
