Rudolf Buchheim Institute of Pharmacology, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany.
Institute of Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; German Center for Lung Research (DZL) and Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Giessen, Germany.
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2022 Jul;43(7):557-568. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.04.004. Epub 2022 Apr 18.
Despite the great success of vaccines that protect against RNA virus infections, and the development and clinical use of a limited number of RNA virus-specific drugs, there is still an urgent need for new classes of antiviral drugs against circulating or emerging RNA viruses. To date, it has proved difficult to efficiently suppress RNA virus replication by targeting host cell functions, and there are no approved drugs of this type. This opinion article discusses the recent discovery of a pronounced and sustained antiviral activity of the plant-derived natural compound thapsigargin against enveloped RNA viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), and influenza A virus. Based on its mechanisms of action, thapsigargin represents a new prototype of compounds with multimodal host-directed antiviral activity.
尽管针对 RNA 病毒感染的疫苗取得了巨大成功，并且开发并临床应用了少数几种针对 RNA 病毒的特异性药物，但仍然迫切需要针对循环或新出现的 RNA 病毒的新型抗病毒药物。迄今为止，通过靶向宿主细胞功能来有效抑制 RNA 病毒复制已被证明非常困难，并且尚无此类批准的药物。本文讨论了从植物中提取的天然化合物 thapsigargin 对包膜 RNA 病毒（如严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）和甲型流感病毒）具有显著且持久的抗病毒活性的最新发现。基于其作用机制，thapsigargin 代表了具有多模式宿主导向抗病毒活性的新型化合物原型。
