State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
Chemosphere. 2021 Jun;272:129930. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129930. Epub 2021 Feb 10.
In this investigation, raw water (RW), settled water (SW), and filtered water (FW) collected from a drinking water treatment plant were fractionated into 24 natural organic matter (NOM) fractions with varying molecular weights and hydrophobicity. The yields of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) obtained during the chlorination of the NOM fractions were explored. Results revealed that the 0-1 kDa, 5-10 kDa, and hydrophobic DBP precursors dominated RW. Hydrophobic fractions cannot be effectively removed, which contributed to the high DBP precursors remaining in the FW. The optional optical parameters, including UVA (UV, UV, and UV), UVB (UV, UV, and UV), and UVC (UV, UV, and UV), were analyzed to determine the DBP yields during chlorination of different NOM fractions. Results revealed that UVC could be applied to indicate the regulated DBP yields of the humified precursors. Contrary to the generally accepted view, for biologically derived precursors, their regulated DBPs and dichloroacetonitrile correlated better with UVA (e.g. UV). Moreover, PARAFAC analysis was applied to decompose an array of 24 EEM spectra. Good linear correlations were found between the PARAFAC components and most DBP yields. Furthermore, four fluorescence parameters were proposed via a modified fluorescence picking method, which can serve as excellent surrogates of PARAFAC components. These fluorescence parameters were found to be effective in indicating most DBP yields. Finally, the fluorescence intensity at excitation wavelength/emission wavelength = 310/416 nm was found to be a promising built-in parameter for the real-time monitoring of DBP precursors, regardless of the humification degree of the precursors.
在这项研究中，从一家饮用水处理厂采集的原水（RW）、沉淀水（SW）和过滤水（FW）被分成 24 种具有不同分子量和疏水性的天然有机物（NOM）组分。研究了 NOM 组分氯化过程中消毒副产物（DBP）的生成情况。结果表明，0-1 kDa、5-10 kDa 和疏水性 DBP 前体是 RW 的主要成分。疏水性组分无法有效去除，导致 FW 中仍存在大量的 DBP 前体。分析了可选光学参数，包括 UVA（UV、UV 和 UV）、UVB（UV、UV 和 UV）和 UVC（UV、UV 和 UV），以确定不同 NOM 组分氯化过程中的 DBP 生成情况。结果表明，UVC 可用于指示腐殖质前体的规定 DBP 生成量。与普遍接受的观点相反，对于生物衍生的前体，其规定的 DBP 和二氯乙腈与 UVA（例如 UV）的相关性更好。此外，还应用 PARAFAC 分析对 24 个 EEM 光谱进行了分解。发现 PARAFAC 组分与大多数 DBP 生成量之间存在良好的线性相关性。此外，通过改进的荧光选择方法提出了四个荧光参数，可以作为 PARAFAC 组分的优秀替代物。这些荧光参数可有效指示大多数 DBP 生成量。最后，发现激发波长/发射波长=310/416 nm 的荧光强度是 DBP 前体实时监测的有前途的内置参数，与前体的腐殖化程度无关。
