Scholz Anna S, Wallwiener Stephanie, Pöschl Johannes, Kuss Navina
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Front Pediatr. 2022 Apr 25;10:877954. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.877954. eCollection 2022.
Vertical transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a highly debated topic in the current pandemic situation. Early neonatal SARS-CoV-2 infection is rare and generally mild. Long-term data describing symptoms after COVID-19 in premature neonates is scarce.
Two premature, monoamniotic neonates were born by cesarean section to a mother 5 days after onset of symptomatic COVID-19. On day three of life both neonates developed hyperthermia, respiratory distress, and hematological changes, of which neutropenia persisted for over 40 days. Nasopharyngeal swabs for SARS-CoV-2 turned positive four days after delivery although the neonates were strictly isolated. Both neonates showed nearly identical time courses of ct values.
Our case report revealed prolonged low absolute neutrophil counts in two preterm neonates with symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection that is reasonably assumed to have been transmitted vertically . After preterm delivery to a SARS-CoV-2 positive mother, testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection in neonates is crucial. Both neutropenia and lymphopenia should alert physicians to test for SARS-CoV-2 infection and also to follow the case.
在当前大流行情况下，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染的垂直传播是一个备受争议的话题。早期新生儿SARS-CoV-2感染罕见且通常症状较轻。关于早产新生儿感染新冠病毒后的症状的长期数据稀缺。
一名出现症状的新冠病毒感染母亲在发病5天后剖宫产下两名早产单羊膜囊新生儿。出生第三天，两名新生儿均出现高热、呼吸窘迫和血液学变化，其中中性粒细胞减少持续超过40天。尽管新生儿严格隔离，但出生后4天鼻咽拭子检测SARS-CoV-2呈阳性。两名新生儿的ct值时间进程几乎相同。
我们的病例报告显示，两名有症状的SARS-CoV-2感染早产新生儿的绝对中性粒细胞计数持续偏低，合理推测为垂直传播。在早产至SARS-CoV-2阳性母亲后，对新生儿进行SARS-CoV-2感染检测至关重要。中性粒细胞减少和淋巴细胞减少均应提醒医生对SARS-CoV-2感染进行检测并跟踪病例。
