Shan Yue, Li Chaoyue, Wu Yongzhi, Li Qiwen, Liao Jinfeng
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China
RSC Adv. 2019 Jul 25;9(40):22966-22979. doi: 10.1039/c9ra04026a. eCollection 2019 Jul 23.
Nature derived biopolymers such as polysaccharides and collagen have attracted considerable attention in biomedical applications. Despite excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity, their poor mechanical properties could not meet the requirement for skin regeneration. In this study, cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) was incorporated into the calcium cross-linked sodium alginate/gelatin (SA/Ge) scaffold to reinforce its physicochemical properties. A novel sodium alginate/gelatin/cellulose nanocrystal (SA/Ge/CNC) scaffold was successfully prepared through electrostatic interaction of sodium alginate and gelatin, ionic cross-linking of calcium ions with sodium alginate, and incorporation of CNC. Afterwards, the SA/Ge and SA/Ge/CNC scaffolds were fully characterized and compared with scanning electron microscopy images, swelling behaviors, tensile strengths and contact angles. The involvement of CNC produces a hybrid SA/Ge/CNC scaffold with desired porous network, moderate swelling behavior, and superior mechanical strength (from 18 MPa to 45 MPa). Furthermore, cytotoxicity and cell growth assay using mouse embryonic fibroblast cells validated that SA/Ge/CNC scaffold was non-toxic and can prompt cell adhesion and proliferation. The skin regeneration experiments using the SA/Ge/CNC scaffold group showed an improved skin wound healing process with accelerated re-epithelialization, increased collagen deposition and faster extracellular matrix remodeling. Overall, the results suggested that the SA/Ge/CNC hybrid scaffold with enhanced mechanical performance and wound healing efficacy was a promising biomaterial for skin defect regeneration.
诸如多糖和胶原蛋白等天然衍生的生物聚合物在生物医学应用中引起了广泛关注。尽管它们具有出色的生物相容性和生物活性，但其较差的机械性能无法满足皮肤再生的要求。在本研究中，将纤维素纳米晶体（CNC）掺入钙交联海藻酸钠/明胶（SA/Ge）支架中，以增强其物理化学性质。通过海藻酸钠与明胶的静电相互作用、钙离子与海藻酸钠的离子交联以及CNC的掺入，成功制备了一种新型的海藻酸钠/明胶/纤维素纳米晶体（SA/Ge/CNC）支架。之后，对SA/Ge和SA/Ge/CNC支架进行了全面表征，并通过扫描电子显微镜图像、溶胀行为、拉伸强度和接触角进行了比较。CNC的加入产生了一种具有所需多孔网络、适度溶胀行为和优异机械强度（从18MPa提高到45MPa）的混合SA/Ge/CNC支架。此外，使用小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞进行的细胞毒性和细胞生长试验证实，SA/Ge/CNC支架无毒，能够促进细胞粘附和增殖。使用SA/Ge/CNC支架组进行的皮肤再生实验表明，皮肤伤口愈合过程得到改善，包括上皮再形成加速、胶原蛋白沉积增加和细胞外基质重塑加快。总体而言，结果表明，具有增强机械性能和伤口愈合功效的SA/Ge/CNC混合支架是一种用于皮肤缺损再生的有前途的生物材料。
