Song Yan, Wang Jing, Liu Huan, Chen Xiaolan, Zhan Minqi
Department of Fundamentals of Nursing, Medical School, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
Department of Medical Nursing, School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Front Nutr. 2022 Apr 25;9:876179. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.876179. eCollection 2022.
A growing body of research showed that diet management, such as promoting protein and vitamin intake and food restriction play a crucial role in extending time to morbidity and mortality in patients undergoing hemodialysis. However, the current dietary recommendations in nutrition guidelines lack examination of cultural factors. The study aimed to understand the diet influenced by culture in Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted for 23 patients, aged 23-75 years, undergoing hemodialysis in a local tertiary hospital. Interview questions mainly focused on patients' real experience about diet, and their perceptions and attitudes toward diet. Each interview was digitally recorded, and conventional content analysis was used to attain information. The majority of patients reserved Chinese traditional dietary habits about salt and calcium intake. Although Chinese herbal medicine was not consumed, dietary therapy including brown sugar and dates was included in the participants' diet. Eggs, broth, and seafood were three prominent preferences and taboos profoundly impacted by culture. Additionally, Chinese social culture influenced patients' dietary behavior of eating at home and knowledge attainment. Diet in Chinese patients undergoing hemodialysis was still strongly influenced by culture. Culturally sensitive interventions regarding the improvement of diet intake are urgently needed.
越来越多的研究表明，饮食管理，如增加蛋白质和维生素摄入以及食物限制，在延长血液透析患者发病和死亡时间方面起着至关重要的作用。然而，营养指南中目前的饮食建议缺乏对文化因素的考量。该研究旨在了解文化对中国血液透析患者饮食的影响。对当地一家三级医院的23名年龄在23至75岁之间接受血液透析的患者进行了半结构化访谈。访谈问题主要集中在患者关于饮食的真实经历，以及他们对饮食的认知和态度。每次访谈都进行了数字录音，并采用传统内容分析法获取信息。大多数患者保留了关于盐和钙摄入的中国传统饮食习惯。虽然没有食用中草药，但红糖和枣等食疗方法被纳入了参与者的饮食中。鸡蛋、肉汤和海鲜是受文化影响深远的三种突出的偏好和禁忌。此外，中国社会文化影响了患者在家饮食的行为和知识获取。中国血液透析患者的饮食仍然受到文化的强烈影响。迫切需要针对改善饮食摄入的文化敏感干预措施。
