Department of Microbiome Science, Max Planck Institute for Biology, Tübingen, Germany.
The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden; Region Västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Cell Host Microbe. 2022 May 11;30(5):627-638. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2022.04.009.
At birth, neonates provide a vast habitat awaiting microbial colonization. Microbiome assembly is a complex process involving microbial seeding and succession driven by ecological forces and subject to environmental conditions. These successional events not only significantly affect the ecology and function of the microbiome, but also impact host health. While the establishment of the infant microbiome has been a point of interest for decades, an integrated view focusing on strain level colonization has been lacking until recently. Technological and computational advancements enabling strain-level analyses of the infant microbiome have demonstrated the immense complexity of this system and allowed for an improved understanding of how strains of the same species spread, colonize, evolve, and affect the host. Here, we review the current knowledge of the establishment and maturation of the infant gut microbiome with particular emphasis on newer discoveries achieved through strain-centric analyses.
出生时，新生儿提供了一个广阔的栖息地，等待微生物定植。微生物组的组装是一个复杂的过程，涉及到微生物的播种和演替，这是由生态力量驱动的，并受到环境条件的影响。这些演替事件不仅显著影响微生物组的生态和功能，而且还影响宿主的健康。虽然婴儿微生物组的建立已经引起了数十年的关注，但直到最近，人们才缺乏对以菌株水平为重点的定植的综合观点。使婴儿微生物组能够进行菌株水平分析的技术和计算进展，展示了该系统的巨大复杂性，并使人们能够更好地理解同一种菌株如何传播、定植、进化以及影响宿主。在这里，我们回顾了婴儿肠道微生物组建立和成熟的现有知识，特别强调了通过以菌株为中心的分析所取得的最新发现。
