Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Institute for Mental Health Policy Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2022 Aug 30;118:110570. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2022.110570. Epub 2022 May 10.
Co-use of alcohol and cannabis is associated with increased frequency and intensity of use and related problems. This study examined acute effects of alcohol and cannabis on mood, subjective experience, cognition, and psychomotor performance. Twenty-eight healthy cannabis users aged 19-29 years with recent history of binge drinking completed this within-subjects, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Participants received: placebo alcohol and placebo cannabis (<0.1% THC); alcohol (target breath alcohol content [BrAC] 80 mg/dL) and placebo cannabis; placebo alcohol and active cannabis (12.5% THC); and active alcohol and cannabis over four sessions. Profile of Mood States (POMS), Addiction Research Centre Inventory (ARCI), verbal free recall (VFR), Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), Continuous Performance Test (CPT), and grooved pegboard (GPB) task were administered before and approximately 75 min after drinking alcohol (1 h after smoking cannabis ad libitum). Significant effects of condition were found for the POMS (Tension-Anxiety, Confusion) and ARCI (MBG, LSD, PCAG, Euphoria, Sedation), predominantly with greater increases emerging after cannabis or alcohol-cannabis combined relative to placebo. Significant effects were found for VFR (immediate total and delayed recall, percent retained), DSST (trials attempted, trials correct, reaction time), and GPB (non-dominant hand) predominantly with greater declines in performance after alcohol and alcohol-cannabis combined relative to placebo and/or cannabis. Cannabis appeared to affect mood and subjective experience, with minimal impact on cognitive performance. Alcohol appeared to impair cognitive and psychomotor performance, with minimal impact on mood and subjective experience. Acute effects of alcohol and cannabis combined were additive at most.
酒精和大麻共同使用与使用频率和强度的增加以及相关问题有关。本研究考察了酒精和大麻对情绪、主观体验、认知和心理运动表现的急性影响。28 名年龄在 19-29 岁之间、有近期狂饮史的健康大麻使用者完成了这项在个体内、双盲、双模拟、安慰剂对照、随机临床试验。参与者接受了以下四种处理：安慰剂酒精和安慰剂大麻（<0.1%THC）；酒精（目标呼气酒精含量[BrAC]80mg/dL）和安慰剂大麻；安慰剂酒精和活性大麻（12.5%THC）；以及在四个疗程中同时摄入活性酒精和大麻。在饮酒前（吸食大麻后 1 小时随意吸食）和大约 75 分钟后（即饮酒后 1 小时），分别对心境状态问卷（POMS）、成瘾研究中心问卷（ARCI）、言语自由回忆（VFR）、数字符号替代测试（DSST）、连续性能测试（CPT）和槽形钉板（GPB）任务进行了评估。结果发现，条件对 POMS（紧张-焦虑、困惑）和 ARCI（MBG、LSD、PCAG、欣快、镇静）有显著影响，主要是大麻或酒精-大麻联合组相对于安慰剂组有更大的增加。VFR（即刻总回忆和延迟回忆、保留百分比）、DSST（尝试的试验、正确的试验、反应时间）和 GPB（非主导手）的表现有显著影响，主要是酒精和酒精-大麻联合组相对于安慰剂组和/或大麻组的表现有更大的下降。大麻似乎对情绪和主观体验有影响，对认知表现的影响较小。酒精似乎会损害认知和心理运动表现，对情绪和主观体验的影响较小。酒精和大麻联合使用的急性影响在大多数情况下是相加的。
