Highly Regioselective Biotransformation of Protopanaxadiol-type and Protopanaxatriol-type Ginsenosides in the Underground Parts of to 18 Minor Ginsenosides by .

The transformation of major ginsenosides to minor ginsenosides by microorganisms was considered to be an environmentally friendly method. Compared with GRAS (generally recognized as safe) strains, non-food-grade microorganisms could transform polar ginsenosides to various minor ginsenosides. In this study, screened from the rhizosphere was capable of transforming PPD-type and PPT-type ginsenosides in the underground parts of to 18 minor ginsenosides. The transformation reactions invovled deglycosylation, epimerization, and dehydration. To the best of our knowledge, this transformation characteristic of was first reported in fungi. Its crude enzyme can efficiently hydrolyze the outer glucose linked to C-20 and C-3 in major ginsenosides Rb, Rb, Rb, Rc, Rd, and 20()-Rg within 48 h. The transformation of major ginsenosides to minor ginsenosides by will help raise the functional and economic value of .