Chota Alexander, George Blassan P, Abrahamse Heidi
Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Front Pharmacol. 2022 Apr 26;13:892490. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.892490. eCollection 2022.
Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women, and it is regarded as the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The present study investigated phytochemical profiling, anticancer effects of methanol root extract and its enhancing effects in phthalocyanine mediated PDT on MCF-7 (ATCC HTB-22™) breast cancer cells. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole-time of flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-qTOF-MS) was used to identify the secondary metabolites in the crude extract. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC) of the two experimental models was established from dose response studies 24 h post-treatment with methanol root extract (25, 50, and 100 μg/ml) and ZnPcS (5, 10, 20, 40, and 60 μM) mediated PDT. The inverted microscope was used to analyze morphological changes, trypan blue exclusion assay for viability, and Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-propidium iodide (PI) for cell death mechanisms. Immunofluorescence analysis was used to investigate the qualitative expression of the Bax, p53, and caspase 3 apoptotic proteins. Experiments were performed 4 times () and SPSS version 27 software was used to analyze statistical significances. methanol root extract induced cell death in MCF-7 cells by decreasing cell viability. The combination of methanol root extract and ZnPcS mediated PDT led to a significant increase in apoptotic activities, expression of Bax, and p53 with significant decrease in cell viability. These findings pinpoint the possibility of methanol root extract of being employed as a natural antiproliferative agent in the treatment of various cancers.
乳腺癌是女性中最常见的癌症类型之一，被认为是全球癌症相关死亡的第二大主要原因。本研究调查了甲醇根提取物的植物化学特征、抗癌作用及其在酞菁介导的光动力疗法（PDT）中对MCF-7（ATCC HTB-22™）乳腺癌细胞的增强作用。采用超高效液相色谱-电喷雾电离四极杆-飞行时间质谱联用技术（UHPLC-qTOF-MS）鉴定粗提物中的次生代谢产物。通过对甲醇根提取物（25、50和100μg/ml）和ZnPcS（5、10、20、40和60μM）介导的光动力疗法处理24小时后的剂量反应研究，确定了两种实验模型的50%抑制浓度（IC）。使用倒置显微镜分析形态变化，用台盼蓝排斥试验检测细胞活力，用膜联蛋白V-异硫氰酸荧光素（FITC）-碘化丙啶（PI）检测细胞死亡机制。采用免疫荧光分析研究Bax、p53和半胱天冬酶3凋亡蛋白的定性表达。实验进行了4次（），并使用SPSS 27版软件分析统计学意义。甲醇根提取物通过降低细胞活力诱导MCF-7细胞死亡。甲醇根提取物与ZnPcS介导的光动力疗法联合使用导致凋亡活性、Bax和p53表达显著增加，细胞活力显著降低。这些发现指出了甲醇根提取物作为天然抗增殖剂用于治疗各种癌症的可能性。
