Chen Daniel L, Schonger Martin
Toulouse School of Economics, Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse, University of Toulouse Capitole, Toulouse, France.
Center for Law and Economics, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Sci Adv. 2022 May 13;8(19):eabb3925. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abb3925.
Recent advances in economic theory, largely motivated by experimental findings, have led to the adoption of models of human behavior where decision-makers take into consideration not only their own payoff but also others' payoffs and any potential consequences of these payoffs. Investigations of deontological motivations, where decision-makers make their choice based on not only the consequences of a decision but also the decision per se, have been rare. We provide a formal interpretation of major moral philosophies and a revealed preference method to distinguish the presence of deontological motivations from a purely consequentialist decision-maker whose preferences satisfy first-order stochastic dominance.
近期经济理论的进展，很大程度上是受实验结果的推动，促使人们采用人类行为模型，在这些模型中，决策者不仅会考虑自身的收益，还会考虑他人的收益以及这些收益的任何潜在后果。对道义动机的研究很少，在道义动机中，决策者做出选择不仅基于决策的后果，还基于决策本身。我们对主要道德哲学提供了一种形式化解释，并提出了一种显示性偏好方法，以区分存在道义动机的决策者与偏好满足一阶随机占优的纯粹结果主义决策者。
