Hughes T J, Simmons D M, Monteith L G, Claxton L D
Environ Mutagen. 1987;9(4):421-41. doi: 10.1002/em.2860090408.
The purpose of this research was to develop and characterize a sensitive test method to detect mutagenic activity of volatile liquid organic chemicals (i.e, volatiles) in the Ames/Salmonella assay. A Tedlar bag vaporization technique was developed, which increased contact time between the volatiles and bacterial test system, circumvented volatilization limitations in the standard plate incorporation and preincubation methods, allowed chemical analysis during incubation, and was flexible in design. The vaporization technique was evaluated concurrently against the plate incorporation and preincubation techniques with eight liquid volatile mutagens in the Ames/Salmonella mutagenicity assay with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA100 and TA102. Results suggested that when volatile organic chemicals with boiling points below 63 degrees C were tested for mutagenic activity, the most sensitive test conditions were the vaporization technique with TA100. GC analysis of epichlorohydrin and butylene oxide concentrations within Tedlar bags suggested that these two chemicals volatilized and were contained in the media after 1 hr of incubation at 37 degrees C. The mutagenic activity of six volatile liquid mutagens was similar in single and triple plate Tedlar bags. Three general test groups of volatile organic chemicals were identified by test data: chemicals which had boiling points below 63 degrees C, for which the vaporization technique was the most sensitive test procedure (ethylene, propylene, and butylene oxides and methylene chloride); chemicals which had boiling points from 107 degrees to 132 degrees C, for which the vaporization technique was still useful, but where sensitivity was only slightly increased over the preincubation technique (1-bromo-2-chloroethane, epichlorohydrin, and ethylene dibromide); and 3) a chemical which had a boiling point at 194 degrees C, where the preincubation technique was the most appropriate test method (styrene oxide).
本研究的目的是开发并表征一种灵敏的测试方法，用于在艾姆斯/沙门氏菌试验中检测挥发性液态有机化学品（即挥发物）的诱变活性。开发了一种泰德拉袋汽化技术，该技术增加了挥发物与细菌测试系统之间的接触时间，克服了标准平板掺入法和预培养法中的挥发限制，允许在培养期间进行化学分析，并且在设计上具有灵活性。在使用鼠伤寒沙门氏菌菌株TA100和TA102的艾姆斯/沙门氏菌致突变性试验中，同时用八种液态挥发性诱变剂将汽化技术与平板掺入法和预培养技术进行了评估。结果表明，当测试沸点低于63摄氏度的挥发性有机化学品的诱变活性时，最灵敏的测试条件是使用TA100的汽化技术。对泰德拉袋内环氧氯丙烷和环氧丁烷浓度的气相色谱分析表明，这两种化学品在37摄氏度下孵育1小时后挥发并存在于培养基中。六种挥发性液态诱变剂在单平板和三平板泰德拉袋中的诱变活性相似。根据测试数据确定了挥发性有机化学品的三个一般测试组：沸点低于63摄氏度的化学品，对于这些化学品，汽化技术是最灵敏的测试程序（乙烯、丙烯、环氧丁烷和二氯甲烷）；沸点在107摄氏度至132摄氏度之间的化学品，对于这些化学品，汽化技术仍然有用，但灵敏度仅比预培养技术略有提高（1-溴-2-氯乙烷、环氧氯丙烷和1,2-二溴乙烷）；以及3）沸点为194摄氏度的一种化学品，对于该化学品，预培养技术是最合适的测试方法（氧化苯乙烯）。
