Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases "Prof. Dr. George I.M. Georgescu", 700503 Iași, Romania.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Grigore T. Popa", 700115 Iași, Romania.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Apr 30;23(9):4998. doi: 10.3390/ijms23094998.
The atherosclerotic vascular disease is a cardiovascular continuum in which the main role is attributed to atherosclerosis, from its appearance to its associated complications. The increasing prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, population ageing, and burden on both the economy and the healthcare system have led to the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the field. The better understanding or discovery of new pathophysiological mechanisms and molecules modulating various signaling pathways involved in atherosclerosis have led to the development of potential new biomarkers, with key role in early, subclinical diagnosis. The evolution of technological processes in medicine has shifted the attention of researchers from the profiling of classical risk factors to the identification of new biomarkers such as midregional pro-adrenomedullin, midkine, stromelysin-2, pentraxin 3, inflammasomes, or endothelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles. These molecules are seen as future therapeutic targets associated with decreased morbidity and mortality through early diagnosis of atherosclerotic lesions and future research directions.
动脉粥样硬化性血管疾病是一种心血管连续统，其主要作用归因于动脉粥样硬化，从其出现到相关并发症。心血管危险因素的流行率增加、人口老龄化以及对经济和医疗保健系统的负担，导致该领域出现了新的诊断和治疗策略。对调节动脉粥样硬化中各种信号通路的新病理生理机制和分子的更好理解或发现，导致了潜在的新生物标志物的发展，这些标志物在早期、亚临床诊断中具有关键作用。医学技术流程的发展使研究人员的注意力从经典危险因素的分析转移到了新生物标志物的鉴定，如中间区促肾上腺髓质素、中期因子、基质金属蛋白酶-2、血清淀粉样蛋白 P3、炎性小体或内皮细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡。这些分子被视为未来的治疗靶点，通过早期诊断动脉粥样硬化病变和未来的研究方向，可以降低发病率和死亡率。
