Carruba M O, Bondiolotti G, Picotti G B, Catteruccia N, Da Prada M
Eur J Pharmacol. 1987 Jan 28;134(1):15-24. doi: 10.1016/0014-2999(87)90126-9.
The present paper describes the effects of different general anaesthetics on plasma catecholamine (CA) concentrations taken as biochemical index of peripheral sympathetic activity. In chronically catheterized rats, diethyl ether, ketamine and urethane increased plasma adrenaline (A) and noradrenaline (NA) concentrations, indicating that these drugs stimulate both neurosympathetic and adrenomedullary functions. These effects appear to be centrally mediated, since ganglionic blockade or spinal transection completely counteracted the diethyl ether- and ketamine-induced increases in plasma CA levels. Halothane induced a transient decrease in circulating A and an increase in NA. These results support the concept that general anaesthetics may have different effects on sympathetic function. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were also measured to look for possible correlations with peripheral sympathetic activity. The enhanced release of peripheral CAs seemed to be the determining factor for increasing blood pressure and heart rate with ketamine only. In the other instances the activation of the peripheral sympathetic system appeared to maintain homeostasis by counterbalancing the various depressive effects of anaesthetics on the cardiovascular system.
本文描述了不同全身麻醉药对作为外周交感神经活动生化指标的血浆儿茶酚胺（CA）浓度的影响。在长期插管的大鼠中，乙醚、氯胺酮和乌拉坦可提高血浆肾上腺素（A）和去甲肾上腺素（NA）浓度，表明这些药物可刺激神经交感和肾上腺髓质功能。这些作用似乎是由中枢介导的，因为神经节阻断或脊髓横断可完全抵消乙醚和氯胺酮引起的血浆CA水平升高。氟烷可导致循环中A短暂降低，NA升高。这些结果支持全身麻醉药可能对交感神经功能有不同影响这一观点。还测量了动脉血压和心率，以寻找与外周交感神经活动的可能相关性。仅氯胺酮使外周CA释放增加似乎是血压和心率升高的决定因素。在其他情况下，外周交感神经系统的激活似乎是通过抵消麻醉药对心血管系统的各种抑制作用来维持体内平衡。
