Roizen M F, Moss J, Henry D P, Weise V, Kopin I J
J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1978 Jan;204(1):11-8.
The effect of five anesthetics--cyclopropane, pentobarbital, urethane, chloralose or ketamine hydrochloride--on handling- or decapitation-induced increases in adrenergic tone were studied in the intact rat. The anesthetic agents tested prevented or markedly reduced stress-induced increases in levels of plasma total catecholamines and norepinephrine. Similar changes in norepinephrine were seen in corticosterone- treated adrenalectomized rats in which this catecholamine seemed to be the only one present in plasma. During anesthesia with cyclopropane, blood pressure fell; there was no additional decrease in total plasma catecholamines when the concentration of the inhaled anesthetic agent was increased. With increased length of cyclopropane anesthesia, however, total catecholamine and norepinephrine concentrations increased. Thus, the different effects of anesthetics on the cardiovascular system cannot be solely explained by their effects on stress-induced increases in sympathetic neuronal activity as reflected by circulating catecholamine levels.
在完整大鼠中研究了五种麻醉剂——环丙烷、戊巴比妥、乌拉坦、氯醛糖或盐酸氯胺酮——对处理或断头诱导的肾上腺素能张力增加的影响。所测试的麻醉剂可预防或显著降低应激诱导的血浆总儿茶酚胺和去甲肾上腺素水平的升高。在接受皮质酮治疗的肾上腺切除大鼠中也观察到了去甲肾上腺素的类似变化，在这些大鼠中，这种儿茶酚胺似乎是血浆中唯一存在的儿茶酚胺。在环丙烷麻醉期间，血压下降；当吸入麻醉剂浓度增加时，血浆总儿茶酚胺没有进一步降低。然而，随着环丙烷麻醉时间的延长，总儿茶酚胺和去甲肾上腺素浓度增加。因此，麻醉剂对心血管系统的不同影响不能仅仅通过它们对循环儿茶酚胺水平所反映的应激诱导的交感神经神经元活动增加的影响来解释。
