Koeger Melanie, Schillok Hannah, Voss Stephan, Coenen Michaela, Merkel Christina, Jung-Sievers Caroline
Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology-IBE, Chair of Public Health and Health Services Research, LMU Munich, Elisabeth-Winterhalter-Weg 6, 81377 Munich, Germany.
Pettenkofer School of Public Health, Elisabeth-Winterhalter-Weg 6, 81377 Munich, Germany.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 1;19(9):5489. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095489.
There is little evidence on how different COVID-19 pandemic phases influence the alcohol use behaviour of adults. The objective of this study is to investigate alcohol use frequency over different COVID-19 pandemic phases and to identify vulnerable subgroups for risky use behaviour in the German adult population. Survey waves of 14/15 April 2020 ( = 1032), 23/24 June 2020 ( = 993), and 26/27 January 2021 ( = 1001) from the COVID-19 Snapshot Monitoring (COSMO) were analysed. The mean age was 46 ± 15.3 years in April, 46 ± 15.5 years in June, and 45 ± 15.5 years in January. The gender ratio was mostly equal in each survey wave. Descriptive analyses and univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses for individuals with increased alcohol use frequency (AUF) were performed. 13.2% in April (lockdown), 11.3% in June (easement), and 8.6% in January (lockdown) of participants showed an increased AUF. Individuals with perceived burden, high frustration levels due to protective measures, and young to middle-aged adults were more likely to increase their AUF during different pandemic phases. In conclusion, unfavourable alcohol behaviour might occur as a potentially maladaptive coping strategy in pandemics. Because of potential negative long-term consequences of problematic alcohol use behaviour on health, public health strategies should consider mental health consequences and target addictive behaviour, while also guiding risk groups towards healthy coping strategies such as physical activities during pandemics/crises.
关于新冠疫情的不同阶段如何影响成年人饮酒行为的证据很少。本研究的目的是调查在新冠疫情的不同阶段的饮酒频率，并确定德国成年人群中存在危险饮酒行为的脆弱亚组。对来自新冠疫情快速监测（COSMO）的2020年4月14/15日（n = 1032）、2020年6月23/24日（n = 993）和2021年1月26/27日（n = 1001）的调查数据进行了分析。4月份的平均年龄为46±15.3岁，6月份为46±15.5岁，1月份为45±15.5岁。在每次调查中，性别比例大多相等。对饮酒频率增加（AUF）的个体进行了描述性分析、单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。4月份（封锁期）13.2%的参与者、6月份（缓解期）11.3%的参与者和1月份（封锁期）8.6%的参与者饮酒频率增加。感到有负担、因防护措施而高度沮丧的个体以及中青年成年人在不同疫情阶段更有可能增加饮酒频率。总之，在疫情期间，不良饮酒行为可能作为一种潜在的适应不良应对策略出现。由于问题饮酒行为对健康可能产生长期负面影响，公共卫生策略应考虑心理健康后果并针对成瘾行为，同时引导风险群体采取健康的应对策略，如在疫情/危机期间进行体育活动。
