Independent Researcher, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.
Social Work Department, Tel-Hai College, Qiryat Shemona 1220800, Israel.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 May 1;19(9):5500. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19095500.
Social workers during the COVID-19 pandemic are at risk due to exposure to varied populations in need, which may impact their resilience, burnout, secondary trauma, and compassion satisfaction. The study assessed resilience at work, burnout, secondary trauma, and compassion satisfaction among social workers in Israel during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic (May to June 2020). A convenience sample of 332 social workers (291 women (87.6%)) filled out an online, structured questionnaire that included demographics, a professional quality of life scale (ProQOL) (including three subscales), and resilience at work (RAW) (including seven subscales). The overall mean of the RAW was medium (M = 71, SD ± 8.9) compared to standardized scores. The mean scores of two of the subscales of the RAW, maintaining perspective and staying healthy, were low. The mean scores of the sub-scales of ProQOL were: compassion satisfaction was close to the 50th percentile (M = 48.25); burnout (M = 30.18) and secondary trauma (M = 26.27) were below the 25th percentile. Significant low to medium positive associations were found between all the dependent variables, except for staying healthy. A negative association was identified between compassion satisfaction and burnout, as well as between compassion satisfaction and secondary trauma. High levels of compassion satisfaction and contentment, low levels of secondary trauma, and having a managerial position were predicted to be 40% of the RAW. Lower levels of maintaining perspective, secondary trauma, and being younger predicted 27% of burnout. Higher levels of finding your calling, living authentically, maintaining perspective, interacting cooperatively, being older, and not being a manager predicted 58% of compassion satisfaction. Lower levels of burnout, maintaining perspective, and being younger predicted 36% of secondary trauma. As the COVID-19 pandemic still challenges most societies, policymakers should consider ways to integrate mechanisms that will enhance social workers' resilience at work.
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，社会工作者由于接触到各种有需要的人群，可能会影响他们的适应力、倦怠、二次创伤和同情心满足感。本研究评估了以色列社会工作者在 COVID-19 大流行第一波（2020 年 5 月至 6 月）期间的工作适应力、倦怠、二次创伤和同情心满足感。采用便利抽样法，对 332 名社会工作者（291 名女性（87.6%））进行了在线问卷调查，问卷内容包括人口统计学信息、职业生活质量量表（ProQOL）（包括三个子量表）和工作适应力（RAW）（包括七个子量表）。与标准化分数相比，RAW 的总分处于中等水平（M = 71，SD ± 8.9）。RAW 的两个子量表——保持视角和保持健康的得分较低。ProQOL 子量表的平均得分是：同情心满足感接近第 50 个百分点（M = 48.25）；倦怠（M = 30.18）和二次创伤（M = 26.27）低于第 25 个百分点。除了保持健康外，所有依赖变量之间都存在低到中等程度的正相关。同情心满足感与倦怠感以及同情心满足感与二次创伤感之间存在负相关。高水平的同情心满足感和满足感、低水平的二次创伤感以及担任管理职位可以预测 RAW 的 40%。保持视角、二次创伤感和年龄较小预测了 27%的倦怠感。发现自己的使命、真实地生活、保持视角、合作互动、年龄较大以及不是管理者等方面的水平越高，同情心满足感的预测比例为 58%。倦怠感、保持视角和年龄较小预测了 36%的二次创伤感。由于 COVID-19 大流行仍在给大多数社会带来挑战，政策制定者应考虑采取措施，整合增强社会工作者工作适应力的机制。
