Riaz Roshan, Ahmed Ibrar, Sizmaz Ozge, Ahsan Umair
Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara 06110, Turkey.
Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Selçuk University, Konya 42031, Turkey.
Animals (Basel). 2022 Apr 22;12(9):1082. doi: 10.3390/ani12091082.
, belonging to the family, has been grown since 4000 B.C. as an oilseed crop that is more drought- and cold-resistant. Increased demand for its oil, meal, and other derivatives has increased researchers' interest in this crop. Its anti-nutritional factors can be reduced by solvent, enzyme and heat treatments, and genetic engineering. Inclusion of camelina by-products increases branched-chain volatile fatty acids, decreases neutral detergent fiber digestibility, has no effect on acid detergent fiber digestibility, and lowers acetate levels in dairy cows. Feeding camelina meal reduces ruminal methane, an environmental benefit of using camelina by-products in ruminant diets. The addition of camelina to dairy cow diets decreases ruminal cellulolytic bacteria and bio-hydrogenation. This reduced bio-hydrogenation results in an increase in desirable fatty acids and a decrease in saturated fatty acids in milk obtained from cows fed diets with camelina seeds or its by-products. Studies suggest that by-products of can be used safely in dairy cows at appropriate inclusion levels. However, suppression in fat milk percentage and an increase in trans fatty acid isomers should be considered when increasing the inclusion rate of camelina by-products, due to health concerns.
属于 科，自公元前4000年起就作为一种更耐旱耐寒的油料作物种植。对其油、粕及其他衍生物需求的增加，提高了研究人员对这种作物的兴趣。其抗营养因子可通过溶剂、酶和热处理以及基因工程来降低。在奶牛日粮中添加亚麻荠副产品会增加支链挥发性脂肪酸，降低中性洗涤纤维消化率，对酸性洗涤纤维消化率无影响，并降低乙酸盐水平。饲喂亚麻荠粕可减少瘤胃甲烷排放，这是在反刍动物日粮中使用亚麻荠副产品的一个环境效益。在奶牛日粮中添加亚麻荠会减少瘤胃纤维素分解菌和生物氢化作用。这种生物氢化作用的减少导致从饲喂含亚麻荠籽或其副产品日粮的奶牛所产牛奶中，有益脂肪酸增加，饱和脂肪酸减少。研究表明，亚麻荠副产品在适当的添加水平下可安全用于奶牛。然而，出于健康考虑，在提高亚麻荠副产品添加率时，应考虑其对乳脂肪率的抑制作用以及反式脂肪酸异构体的增加。
