Ebrahimi Amin, Chenar Hamzeh Minaei, Rashidi-Monfared Sajad, Kahrizi Danial
Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Semnan, Iran.
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Thran, Iran.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Jan 14;25(1):53. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-06022-3.
Preserving plant genetic resources is essential for tackling global food security challenges. Effectively meeting future agricultural demands requires comprehensive and efficient assessments of genetic diversity in breeding programs and germplasm from gene banks. This research investigated the diversity of pheno-morphological traits, along with the fatty acid and tocopherol content and composition, in 135 double haploid lines of camelina.
The number of sub-branches, siliques number of main-branch and sub-branch, and seeds number in siliques of the main-branch displayed notable coefficients of variation with values of 33.19%, 30.32%, 29.23%, and 23.81% respectively. Within the current investigation, the measurements of height, sub-branch number, and thousand seed weight varied from 53.50 to 86.50 cm, 3.50 to 14, and 0.73 to 1.52 g, respectively. The analysis unveiled that the average content of omega-3, omega-6, and omega-9 fatty acids in the examined lines was approximately 33%, 20%, and 17%, respectively. The total tocopherol content varied between 675 and 877 ppm, predominantly consisting of gamma-tocopherol, which accounted for over 95% of the total content. The fatty acid C18:2 displayed a markedly strong positive correlation with alpha-tocopherol (0.99), while C18:3 exhibited positive correlations with gamma-tocopherol (0.98) and total tocopherol (0.98). Furthermore, a positive correlation was evident between C20:1 and delta-tocopherol (0.98). The scrutinized lines, specifically lines 35, 72, 94, and 126 demonstrated notable attributes regarding yield and yield components. Conversely, in the realm of biochemical traits, lines 35, 66, 47, 30, 65, 135, 83, 27, 4, 77, 62, 81, and 93 stood out for their elevated potential. The gene expression analysis related to the tocopherol biosynthesis pathway revealed distinct expression patterns. Specifically, the VTE1 gene exhibited the highest level of expression. In contrast, the VTE3 gene displayed the lowest level of expression compared to other genes.
The study's findings hold great potential for improving food security by enabling the selection of superior camelina parent plants based on specific traits. This approach can drive the development of high-yielding varieties with enhanced nutritional value and better-quality camelina oil.
保护植物遗传资源对于应对全球粮食安全挑战至关重要。有效满足未来农业需求需要对育种计划和基因库中的种质资源进行全面而高效的遗传多样性评估。本研究调查了135个亚麻荠双单倍体系的表型形态特征多样性，以及脂肪酸和生育酚的含量与组成。
亚分枝数、主枝和亚枝的角果数以及主枝角果中的种子数表现出显著的变异系数，分别为33.19%、30.32%、29.23%和23.81%。在本次调查中，株高、亚分枝数和千粒重的测量值分别在53.50至86.50厘米、3.50至14以及0.73至1.52克之间。分析表明，所检测品系中ω-3、ω-6和ω-9脂肪酸的平均含量分别约为33%、20%和17%。总生育酚含量在675至877 ppm之间，主要由γ-生育酚组成，占总含量的95%以上。脂肪酸C18:2与α-生育酚呈现出显著的强正相关（0.99），而C18:3与γ-生育酚（0.98）和总生育酚（0.98）呈正相关。此外，C20:1与δ-生育酚之间也存在明显的正相关（0.98）。经仔细研究的品系，特别是35、72、94和126号品系在产量和产量构成方面表现出显著特性。相反，在生化特性方面，35、66、47、30、65、135、83、27、4、77、62、81和93号品系因其较高的潜力而脱颖而出。与生育酚生物合成途径相关的基因表达分析揭示了不同的表达模式。具体而言，VTE1基因表现出最高的表达水平。相比之下，VTE3基因与其他基因相比表达水平最低。
该研究结果对于通过根据特定性状选择优良的亚麻荠亲本植物来改善粮食安全具有巨大潜力。这种方法可以推动开发具有更高营养价值和更好品质的亚麻荠油的高产品种。
