Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy.
Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Nutrients. 2022 Apr 22;14(9):1757. doi: 10.3390/nu14091757.
Sumac (Rhus coriaria L.) is a spice and medicinal herb traditionally used in the Mediterranean region and the Middle East. Since we previously demonstrated Sumac biological activity in a model of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)-induced skin inflammation, the present work is aimed at further demonstrating a potential role in inflammatory disorders, focusing on gastritis. For this purpose, different polar extracts (water-W, ethanol-water-EW, ethanol-E, ethanol macerated-Em, acetone-Ac, ethylacetate-EtA) were investigated in gastric epithelial cells (GES-1) challenged by TNF-α or H. pylori infection. The ethanolic extracts (E, EW, Em) showed the major phenolic contents, correlating with lower half maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) on the release of interleukin-8 (IL-8, <15 μg/mL) and interleukin-6 (IL-6, <20 μg/mL) induced by TNF-α. Similarly, they inhibited IL-8 release (IC50s < 70 μg/mL) during Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection and exhibited a direct antibacterial activity at comparable concentrations (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 100 μg/mL). The phenolic content and the bioactivity of EW were maintained after simulated gastric digestion and were associated with nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) impairment, considered the main putative anti-inflammatory mechanism. On the contrary, an anti-urease activity was excluded. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the potential role of Sumac as a nutraceutical useful in H. pylori-related gastritis.
漆树（Rhus coriaria L.）是一种香料和药用植物，传统上用于地中海地区和中东地区。由于我们之前在肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）诱导的皮肤炎症模型中证明了漆树的生物活性，因此本研究旨在进一步证明其在炎症性疾病中的潜在作用，特别是胃炎。为此，我们研究了不同极性提取物（水-W、乙醇-水-EW、乙醇-E、乙醇浸渍-Em、丙酮-Ac、乙酸乙酯-EtA）在 TNF-α或幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）感染刺激的胃上皮细胞（GES-1）中的作用。乙醇提取物（E、EW、Em）表现出主要的酚类含量，与 TNF-α诱导的白细胞介素-8（IL-8，<15μg/mL）和白细胞介素-6（IL-6，<20μg/mL）释放的半抑制浓度（IC50s）较低相关。同样，它们在幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）感染期间抑制 IL-8 释放（IC50s<70μg/mL），并在相当浓度下表现出直接的抗菌活性（最低抑菌浓度（MIC）=100μg/mL）。EW 的酚类含量和生物活性在模拟胃消化后得以保持，与核因子 kappa B（NF-κB）损伤相关，被认为是主要的潜在抗炎机制。相反，排除了抗尿素酶活性。据我们所知，这是首次证明漆树作为一种在与幽门螺杆菌相关的胃炎中有用的营养保健品的潜力。
