School of Sport, Exercise and Nutrition, College of Health, Massey University, Auckland 0745, New Zealand.
Nutrients. 2022 Apr 28;14(9):1837. doi: 10.3390/nu14091837.
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of sarcopenia and associated risk factors among older adults living in three residential aged care (RAC) facilities within Auckland, New Zealand. A total of 91 older adults (63% women, mean age ± SD; 86.0 ± 8.3 years) were recruited. Using the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People criteria, sarcopenia was diagnosed from the assessment of: appendicular skeletal muscle mass/height, using an InBody S10 body composition analyser and a SECA portable stadiometer or ulna length to estimate standing height; grip strength using a JAMAR handheld dynamometer; and physical performance with a 2.4-m gait speed test. Malnutrition risk was assessed using the Mini Nutrition Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF). Most (83%) of residents were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition, and 41% were sarcopenic. Multivariate regression analysis showed lower body mass index (Odds Ratio (OR) = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1, 1.7, = 0.003) and lower MNA-SF score (OR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.0, 2.4, = 0.047) were predictive of sarcopenia after controlling for age, level of care, depression, and number of medications. Findings highlight the need for regular malnutrition screening in RAC to prevent the development of sarcopenia, where low weight or unintentional weight loss should prompt sarcopenia screening and assessment.
本研究旨在调查新西兰奥克兰市三家养老院中老年人的肌少症患病率及其相关危险因素。共招募了 91 名老年人（63%为女性，平均年龄 ± 标准差；86.0 ± 8.3 岁）。根据欧洲老年人肌少症工作组的标准，通过以下评估来诊断肌少症：使用 InBody S10 人体成分分析仪和 SECA 便携式身高计评估四肢骨骼肌质量/身高，或使用桡骨长度估计站立身高；使用 JAMAR 手持测力计评估握力；使用 2.4 米步速测试评估身体机能。使用迷你营养评估-简短表单（MNA-SF）评估营养不良风险。大多数（83%）居民存在营养不良或有营养不良风险，41%患有肌少症。多变量回归分析显示，较低的体重指数（优势比（OR）=1.4，95%置信区间：1.1，1.7， =0.003）和较低的 MNA-SF 评分（OR=1.6，95%置信区间：1.0，2.4， =0.047）是在控制年龄、护理水平、抑郁和用药数量后预测肌少症的因素。研究结果强调了在养老院中定期进行营养不良筛查的必要性，以预防肌少症的发生，体重过低或非故意体重减轻应促使进行肌少症筛查和评估。
