CBIOS-Universidade Lusófona's Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Av. Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisbon, Portugal.
Nutrients. 2022 Apr 28;14(9):1853. doi: 10.3390/nu14091853.
Vegetarian and vegan diets have become increasingly popular in the last years for many reasons, including their association with various health benefits when compared to omnivorous diets. The main objective of the study was to collect recent (2015-2021) scientific evidence for potential implications between a vegetarian/vegan diet and an individuals' body composition.
A literature search was conducted in PubMed, with 22 studies selected for inclusion in our collective evaluation. Of the 22 studies included, there were 12 randomized controlled trials, 1 nonrandomized controlled trial, 1 comparative study, and 8 cross-sectional. The overall sample included in this study consists of 436,178 participants, 10,090 of whom were vegetarians, 5044 vegans, and 421,044 omnivores.
Most studies, 17 out of 22, reported a significant positive relationship between a plant-based diet and body composition.
There is scientifically sound evidence that vegan or vegetarian diets are associated with weight and body mass index reduction and, in some cases, fat mass distribution changes.
由于多种原因，素食和纯素饮食在过去几年中变得越来越流行，包括与杂食饮食相比，它们与各种健康益处有关。本研究的主要目的是收集最近（2015-2021 年）关于素食/纯素饮食与个体身体成分之间潜在关联的科学证据。
在 PubMed 中进行了文献检索，选择了 22 项研究纳入我们的综合评估。在纳入的 22 项研究中，有 12 项随机对照试验、1 项非随机对照试验、1 项对照研究和 8 项横断面研究。本研究的总体样本包括 436178 名参与者，其中 10090 名为素食者、5044 名为纯素食者和 421044 名为杂食者。
22 项研究中有 17 项报告了植物性饮食与身体成分之间存在显著正相关关系。
有充分的科学证据表明，素食或纯素饮食与体重和身体质量指数降低有关，在某些情况下，还与脂肪质量分布的变化有关。
