Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Osteopathic Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Suceava, 7200229 Suceava, Romania.
Nutrients. 2022 May 2;14(9):1909. doi: 10.3390/nu14091909.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has caused a pandemic and upheaval that health authorities and citizens around the globe are still grappling with to this day. While public health measures, vaccine development, and new therapeutics have made great strides in understanding and managing the pandemic, there has been an increasing focus on the potential roles of diet and supplementation in disease prevention and adjuvant treatment. In the literature, the impact of nutrition on other respiratory illnesses, including the common cold, pneumonia, and influenza, has been widely demonstrated in both animal and human models. However, there is much less research on the impact related to COVID-19. The present study discusses the potential uses of diets, vitamins, and supplements, including the Mediterranean diet, glutathione, zinc, and traditional Chinese medicine, in the prevention of infection and severe illness. The evidence demonstrating the efficacy of diet supplementation on infection risk, disease duration, severity, and recovery is mixed and inconsistent. More clinical trials are necessary in order to clearly demonstrate the contribution of nutrition and to guide potential therapeutic protocols.
2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已造成全球卫生当局和民众至今仍在应对的大流行和剧变。虽然公共卫生措施、疫苗开发和新疗法在理解和管理大流行方面取得了重大进展，但人们越来越关注饮食和补充剂在疾病预防和辅助治疗中的潜在作用。在文献中，营养对其他呼吸道疾病（包括普通感冒、肺炎和流感）的影响在动物和人类模型中都得到了广泛证实。然而，与 COVID-19 相关的研究却少得多。本研究讨论了饮食、维生素和补充剂（包括地中海饮食、谷胱甘肽、锌和中药）在预防感染和重症疾病方面的潜在用途。有证据表明饮食补充剂在感染风险、疾病持续时间、严重程度和恢复方面的疗效喜忧参半且不一致。需要更多的临床试验来明确证明营养的贡献，并指导潜在的治疗方案。
