Institute for Medical Psychology, University Medicine Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, 17475 Greifswald, Germany.
Nutrients. 2022 May 7;14(9):1963. doi: 10.3390/nu14091963.
Little is known about the (co-)occurrence of smoking, alcohol at-risk drinking, physical inactivity and overweight, and the motivation to change these behavioral health risk factors (HRFs) in older general hospital patients with cardiovascular disease. Between October and December 2016, all consecutively admitted patients aged 50 to 79 years were proactively recruited on 3 cardiology wards and asked to participate in a survey on HRFs and behavior change motivation. Of the eligible patients, 80.4% participated in the survey ( = 328). The mean age was 66.5 years (standard deviation 9.0), and 65.5% were male. At least 1 HRF was present in 91.8% ( = 280), at least 2 HRFs in 54.4% ( = 166), and 3 or 4 HRFs in 12.1% ( = 37) of participants. The proportion of older adults who contemplated or were changing or planning to change their behavior to meet health behavior recommendations ranged between 66.0% (smoking) and 93.2% (alcohol consumption). The results indicate a notable co-occurrence of behavioral HRFs in older patients with cardiovascular disease. The majority of older adults were at least considering changing the respective behavior. To prevent and treat diseases efficiently, hospitalization may be a suitable moment for systematic multiple HRF screening and intervention.
关于吸烟、酒精风险饮酒、身体活动不足和超重的同时发生，以及患有心血管疾病的老年综合医院患者改变这些行为健康风险因素（HRFs）的动机，人们知之甚少。在 2016 年 10 月至 12 月期间，在 3 个心内科病房主动招募了所有连续入院的 50 至 79 岁患者，并要求他们参与一项关于 HRFs 和行为改变动机的调查。在符合条件的患者中，有 80.4%（=328）参与了调查。平均年龄为 66.5 岁（标准差 9.0），65.5%为男性。至少存在 1 个 HRF 的患者占 91.8%（=280），至少存在 2 个 HRF 的患者占 54.4%（=166），至少存在 3 或 4 个 HRF 的患者占 12.1%（=37）。考虑改变或正在改变或计划改变行为以满足健康行为建议的老年人比例在 66.0%（吸烟）和 93.2%（饮酒）之间。结果表明，患有心血管疾病的老年患者中同时存在行为 HRFs 的情况明显。大多数老年人至少考虑改变各自的行为。为了有效预防和治疗疾病，住院可能是系统地筛查和干预多个 HRF 的合适时机。
