School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Brescia University College at Western University, 1285 Western Road, London, ON N6G 1H2, Canada.
Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.
Nutrients. 2022 May 8;14(9):1966. doi: 10.3390/nu14091966.
This study compared the caloric and nutrient values of packed lunch contents and consumption in the Balanced School Day (BSD) (two 20 min eating periods) versus the Traditional Schedule (TS) (one 20 min lunch). Foods consumed during school were assessed by direct food observation in 321 grade 3 and 4 students, aged 7−10 years, at 9 BSD and 10 TS elementary schools in Ontario. Packed lunch contents in the BSD were significantly higher than the TS in energy (3128.14 ± 1100.36 vs. 2658.98 ± 951.34 kJ, p < 0.001, respectively). Similarly, carbohydrates, total sugar, protein, fat, saturated fatty acids (SFA), calcium, iron, and sodium were significantly higher in the BSD versus TS packed lunches. Correspondingly, students in the BSD consumed significantly more energy, carbohydrates, total sugar, and SFA compared to the TS. Overall, lunches brought by students in the BSD schedule provided more energy across all macronutrients, with only a few micronutrients showing increased amounts, suggesting two 20 min eating opportunities could contribute to excess caloric intake during school, potentially contributing to the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in Canada. Furthermore, packed lunches in both schedules had excess amounts of nutrients of concern and much work is needed to ensure that children in Canada receive nutritious lunches at school.
本研究比较了均衡上学日（BSD）（两段 20 分钟的进食时间）和传统时间表（TS）（一段 20 分钟的午餐时间）中，打包午餐的热量和营养值以及消耗量。在安大略省的 9 所 BSD 和 10 所 TS 小学中，通过对 321 名 7-10 岁的 3 年级和 4 年级学生进行直接食物观察，评估了学生在校期间食用的食物。BSD 中的打包午餐内容的能量明显高于 TS（分别为 3128.14 ± 1100.36 kJ 和 2658.98 ± 951.34 kJ，p < 0.001）。同样，BSD 中的碳水化合物、总糖、蛋白质、脂肪、饱和脂肪酸（SFA）、钙、铁和钠含量也明显高于 TS 中的含量。相应地，BSD 中的学生与 TS 相比，消耗的能量、碳水化合物、总糖和 SFA 明显更多。总体而言，BSD 日程安排中的学生带来的午餐在所有宏量营养素中提供了更多的能量，只有少数微量营养素的含量增加，这表明两段 20 分钟的进食机会可能导致学生在学校期间摄入过多的卡路里，这可能是导致加拿大儿童超重和肥胖流行的原因之一。此外，两段日程中的打包午餐均含有过量的营养成分，需要做大量工作来确保加拿大的儿童在学校能够获得营养丰富的午餐。
