Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Charles University, Šimkova 870, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
Nutrients. 2022 May 9;14(9):1987. doi: 10.3390/nu14091987.
L-serine plays an essential role in a broad range of cellular functions including protein synthesis, neurotransmission, and folate and methionine cycles and synthesis of sphingolipids, phospholipids, and sulphur containing amino acids. A hydroxyl side-chain of L-serine contributes to polarity of proteins, and serves as a primary site for binding a phosphate group to regulate protein function. D-serine, its D-isoform, has a unique role. Recent studies indicate increased requirements for L-serine and its potential therapeutic use in some diseases. L-serine deficiency is associated with impaired function of the nervous system, primarily due to abnormal metabolism of phospholipids and sphingolipids, particularly increased synthesis of deoxysphingolipids. Therapeutic benefits of L-serine have been reported in primary disorders of serine metabolism, diabetic neuropathy, hyperhomocysteinemia, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Use of L-serine and its metabolic products, specifically D-serine and phosphatidylserine, has been investigated for the therapy of renal diseases, central nervous system injury, and in a wide range of neurological and psychiatric disorders. It is concluded that there are disorders in which humans cannot synthesize L-serine in sufficient quantities, that L-serine is effective in therapy of disorders associated with its deficiency, and that L-serine should be classified as a "conditionally essential" amino acid.
L-丝氨酸在广泛的细胞功能中发挥着重要作用，包括蛋白质合成、神经递质传递、叶酸和蛋氨酸循环以及鞘脂、磷脂和含硫氨基酸的合成。L-丝氨酸的羟基侧链有助于蛋白质的极性，并作为结合磷酸基团以调节蛋白质功能的主要位点。D-丝氨酸，其 D-异构体，具有独特的作用。最近的研究表明，L-丝氨酸的需求增加，并且在某些疾病中有潜在的治疗用途。L-丝氨酸缺乏与神经系统功能受损有关，主要是由于磷脂和鞘脂代谢异常，特别是脱氧鞘脂的合成增加。在丝氨酸代谢的原发性疾病、糖尿病神经病变、高同型半胱氨酸血症和肌萎缩侧索硬化症中，已经报道了 L-丝氨酸的治疗益处。L-丝氨酸及其代谢产物，特别是 D-丝氨酸和磷脂酰丝氨酸，已被用于治疗肾脏疾病、中枢神经系统损伤以及广泛的神经和精神疾病。结论是，存在人类不能合成足够数量的 L-丝氨酸的疾病，L-丝氨酸在治疗与其缺乏相关的疾病方面是有效的，并且 L-丝氨酸应被归类为“条件必需”氨基酸。
