Almarashda Amna Mohamed Juma, Rabbani Syed Arman, Kurian Martin Thomas, Cherian Ajith
Kalba Hospital, Sharjah P.O. Box 11195, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, RAK College of Pharmacy, RAK Medical and Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah P.O. Box 11172, United Arab Emirates.
J Clin Med. 2022 Apr 26;11(9):2439. doi: 10.3390/jcm11092439.
Data on the clinical characteristics, severity and management of COVID-19 from the Middle East region, especially the United Arab Emirates (UAE), is very limited. We studied the clinical characteristics, laboratory biomarkers, risk factors for severity and pharmacotherapy of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in this single-center, analytical cross-sectional study conducted in a secondary care hospital of the UAE. A total of 585 patients were included in the study (median age, 49 years (IQR, 39−59); 66% male). Age > 45 years (OR = 2.07, 95% CI: 1.04−4.14, p = 0.040), male gender (OR = 3.15, 95% CI: 1.52−6.51, p = 0.002), presentation symptoms such as fever (OR = 3.68, 95% CI:1.34−10.11, p = 0.011) and shortness of breath/dyspnea (OR = 5.36, 95% CI: 2.69−10.67, p < 0.001), Hb < 13 g/dL (OR = 3.17, 95% CI: 1.51−6.65, p = 0.002), neutrophils > 7 × 103/mcL (OR = 4.89, 95% CI: 1.66−14.37, p=0.004), lymphocytes < 1 × 103/mcL (OR = 7.78, 95% CI: 1.01−60.19, p = 0.049), sodium < 135 mmol/L (OR = 5.42, 95% CI: 1.05−27.95, p = 0.044), potassium < 3.6 mmol/L (OR = 3.36, 95% CI: 1.03−11.01, p = 0.045), urea > 6.5 mmol/L (OR = 3.37, 95% CI: 1.69−6.73, p = 0.001) and LDH > 227 IU/L (OR = 6.26, 95% CI: 1.61−24.32, p = 0.008) were independent predictors of the severity of COVID-19. Antivirals (524, 89.6%) and corticosteroids (358, 61.2%) were prescribed for the management of COVID-19. In conclusion, older age, male gender, presentation symptoms such as fever and dyspnea, low hemoglobin, neutrophilia, lymphopenia, hyponatremia, hypokalemia, elevated levels of urea and lactate dehydrogenase were found to be independent risk factors for severe COVID-19. The pharmacotherapy of COVID-19 patients in our study was diverse, and the medications were prescribed based on the clinical condition of the patients.
来自中东地区，尤其是阿拉伯联合酋长国（阿联酋）的关于新冠病毒病（COVID-19）临床特征、严重程度及治疗的数据非常有限。在阿联酋一家二级护理医院开展的这项单中心分析性横断面研究中，我们研究了住院COVID-19患者的临床特征、实验室生物标志物、严重程度的危险因素及药物治疗情况。该研究共纳入585例患者（中位年龄49岁（四分位间距，39 - 59岁）；66%为男性）。年龄>45岁（比值比（OR）=2.07，95%置信区间（CI）：1.04 - 4.14，p = 0.040）、男性（OR = 3.15，95% CI：1.52 - 6.51，p = 0.002）、发热等症状（OR = 3.68，95% CI：1.34 - 10.11，p = 0.011）和呼吸急促/呼吸困难（OR = 5.36，95% CI：2.69 - 10.67，p < 0.001）、血红蛋白<13 g/dL（OR = 3.17，95% CI：1.51 - 6.65，p = 0.002）、中性粒细胞>7×10³/微升（OR = 4.89，95% CI：1.66 - 14.37，p = 0.004）、淋巴细胞<1×10³/微升（OR = 7.78，95% CI：1.01 - 60.19，p = 0.049）、钠<135 mmol/L（OR = 5.42，95% CI：1.05 - 27.95，p = 0.044）、钾<3.6 mmol/L（OR = 3.36，95% CI：1.03 - 11.01，p = 0.045）、尿素>6.5 mmol/L（OR = 3.37，95% CI：1.69 - 6.73，p = 0.001）和乳酸脱氢酶>227 IU/L（OR = 6.26，95% CI：1.61 - 24.32，p = 0.008）是COVID-19严重程度的独立预测因素。使用抗病毒药物（524例，89.6%）和皮质类固醇（358例，61.2%）治疗COVID-19。总之，年龄较大、男性、发热和呼吸困难等症状、血红蛋白水平低、中性粒细胞增多、淋巴细胞减少、低钠血症、低钾血症、尿素和乳酸脱氢酶水平升高被发现是重症COVID-19的独立危险因素。我们研究中COVID-19患者的药物治疗多种多样，且药物是根据患者的临床状况开具的。
