Djorwé Soulandi, Bousfiha Amale, Nzoyikorera Néhémie, Nyandwi Joseph, Kawthar Bellamine, Malki Abderrahim
Laboratory of Physiopathology and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Sciences Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University of Casablanca (Morocco), Avenue Cdt Driss El Harti, PB 7955, Sidi Othman, Casablanca, Morocco.
Bourgogne Laboratory of Medical and Scientific Analysis, 136, Residence Belhcen, Bd Bourgogne, Casablanca, Morocco.
Biomedicine (Taipei). 2024 Mar 1;14(1):20-38. doi: 10.37796/2211-8039.1429. eCollection 2024.
COVID-19 patients usually present multiple comorbidities and complications associated with severe forms of SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aimed to assess the risk factors and prevalence of comorbidities and complications contributing to the severity of COVID-19.
This meta-analysis was performed according to PRISMA guidelines. We searched various databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus (between 2020 and 2023), for eligible studies for this meta-analysis.
Thirty-three studies were eligible, including 85,812 patients, of which 36 % (30,634/85,812) had severe disease, whereas 64 % (55,178/85,812) had non-severe disease. Severe cases were potentially correlated with the following factors: gender (male) (odd ratio (OR) = 1.52, 95 % CI: 1.34-1.73), advanced age (OR = 3.06, 95 % CI: 2.18-4.40) pre-existing smoking (OR = 1.33, 95 % CI: 1.01-1.75), obesity (OR = 2.11, 95 % CI: 1.47-3.04), diabetes (OR = 1.81, 95 % CI: 1.35-2.43), hypertension (OR = 2.22, 95 % CI: 1.72-2.87), coronary heart disease (OR = 2.17, 95 % CI: 1.42-3.31), CKD (OR = 2.27, 95 % CI: 1.26-4.06), COPD (OR = 1.95, 95 % CI: 1.22-3.09), malignancy (OR = 1.63, 95 % CI: 1.07-2.49) and cerebrovascular disease (OR = 2.76, 95 % CI: 1.63-4.62). All these comorbidities were significantly higher in the severe COVID-19 group compared with the non-severe COVID-19 group. In addition, the most severe complications were associated with shock (OR = 28.08, 95 % CI: 3.49-226.03), ARDS (OR = 13.09, 95 % CI: 5.87-29.18), AKI (OR = 16.91, 95 % CI: 1.87-152.45) and arrhythmia (OR = 7.47, 95 % CI: 2.96-18.83). However, these complications were the most likely to prevent recovery in patients with severe affections compared with non-severe affection groups.
All the comorbidities and complications listed above are more likely to cause severe forms of COVID-19 in some patients and hinder recovery. They are therefore risk factors to be controlled to minimize the undesirable effects of the disease.
新冠病毒疾病（COVID-19）患者通常存在多种合并症及与严重形式的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染相关的并发症。本研究旨在评估导致COVID-19病情严重程度的合并症和并发症的危险因素及患病率。
本荟萃分析按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行。我们检索了包括PubMed、谷歌学术和Scopus（2020年至2023年期间）在内的多个数据库，以寻找符合本荟萃分析条件的研究。
33项研究符合条件，包括85812名患者，其中36%（30634/85812）患有严重疾病，而64%（55178/85812）患有非严重疾病。严重病例可能与以下因素相关：性别（男性）（比值比（OR）=1.52，95%置信区间（CI）：1.34 - 1.73）、高龄（OR = 3.06，95% CI：2.18 - 4.40）、既往吸烟史（OR = 1.33，95% CI：1.01 - 1.75）、肥胖（OR = 2.11，95% CI：1.47 - 3.04）、糖尿病（OR = 1.81，95% CI：1.35 - 2.43）、高血压（OR = 2.22，95% CI：1.72 - 2.87）、冠心病（OR = 2.17，95% CI：1.42 - 3.31）、慢性肾脏病（CKD）（OR = 2.27，95% CI：1.26 - 4.06）、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）（OR = 1.95，95% CI：1.22 - 3.09）、恶性肿瘤（OR = 1.63，95% CI：1.07 - 2.49）和脑血管疾病（OR = 2.7
