Ma Yingjian, Zhuang Yangpeng, Li Chunwei, Shen Xing, Zhang Liying
State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China.
Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of High Performance Fibers and Composite (Province-Ministry Joint), Center for Civil Aviation Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Apr 20;14(9):1658. doi: 10.3390/polym14091658.
The demands for carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRCs) are growing in the aviation industry for fuel consumption savings, despite the increasing risk of electromagnetic interference (EMI). In this work, polyacrylonitrile (PAN) sheets were prepared by electrospinning. Carbon nanofiber (CNF) sheets were obtained by the carbonization of PAN sheets. The laminate structures of the CF reinforced bismaleimide (BMI)-based composites were specially designed by introducing two thin CNF sheets in the upper and bottom plies, according to EMI shielding theory. The results showed that the introduction of CNF sheets led to a substantial increase in the EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) by 35.0% compared with CFRCs free of CNF sheets. The dominant EMI shielding mechanism was reflection. Noticeably, the introduction of CNF sheets did not impact the interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) of CFRCs, indicating that the strategy provided in this work was feasible for fabricating CFRCs with a high EMI shielding performance without sacrificing their mechanical properties. Therefore, the satisfactory EMI shielding and ILSS properties, coupled with a high service temperature, made BMI-based composites a promising candidate in some specific fields, such as high-speed aircrafts and missiles.
尽管电磁干扰（EMI）风险不断增加，但航空业对碳纤维增强复合材料（CFRC）的需求仍在增长，以节省燃油消耗。在这项工作中，通过静电纺丝制备了聚丙烯腈（PAN）片材。通过PAN片材的碳化获得了碳纳米纤维（CNF）片材。根据EMI屏蔽理论，通过在上层和底层引入两个薄的CNF片材，特别设计了CF增强双马来酰亚胺（BMI）基复合材料的层压结构。结果表明，与不含CNF片材的CFRC相比，CNF片材的引入使EMI屏蔽效能（SE）大幅提高了35.0%。主要的EMI屏蔽机制是反射。值得注意的是，CNF片材的引入并未影响CFRC的层间剪切强度（ILSS），这表明这项工作中提供的策略对于制造具有高EMI屏蔽性能且不牺牲其机械性能的CFRC是可行的。因此，令人满意的EMI屏蔽和ILSS性能，再加上高使用温度，使BMI基复合材料成为高速飞机和导弹等一些特定领域中有前景的候选材料。
