Nuryawan Arif, Sutiawan Jajang, Masruchin Nanang, Bekhta Pavlo
Department of Forest Products Technology, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, Indonesia.
Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, North Sumatra, Indonesia.
Polymers (Basel). 2022 Apr 26;14(9):1758. doi: 10.3390/polym14091758.
Oil palm plantations have expanded rapidly in Southeast Asia, particularly in Indonesia and Malaysia. A lot of products, including food and other edible products, oleo-chemicals, cosmetics, personal and household care, pharmaceutical products, and biodiesels are derived from palm oil, thus making them one of the most economically important plants. After 25-30 years of age, the palms are felled and replaced due to declining oil production. Oil palm trunks (OPT) are considered significant waste products. The trunks remain on the plantation site for nutrient recycling or burning. This increases insect and fungi populations causing environmental problems for the new palm generation or air pollution due to the fire. Up till now, OPT has received less attention in research studies. Therefore, this review summarizes the utilization of OPT into products made of oil palm fibers mainly derived from OPT and its application as the substitution of wood panel products. Some research works have been carried out on oil palm fibers that are derived from OPT for exploiting their potential as raw material of composite panel products, which is the objective of this review. Areas of development are processed into various conventional composite panel products such as plywood and laminated board which are usually predominantly made of wood and bonded by synthetic resins, particleboard with binder, or binderless and cement board which is arranged with wood as a minor component. All of the products have been presented and described technically according to best knowledge of the authors and literature review.
油棕种植园在东南亚迅速扩张，尤其是在印度尼西亚和马来西亚。许多产品，包括食品和其他可食用产品、油脂化学品、化妆品、个人及家庭护理产品、药品和生物柴油，都源自棕榈油，因此使其成为经济上最重要的植物之一。25至30年后，由于产油量下降，棕榈树会被砍伐并替换。油棕树干（OPT）被视为重要的废弃物。这些树干留在种植园场地用于养分循环或焚烧。这会增加昆虫和真菌数量，给新一代棕榈树带来环境问题，或者因火灾造成空气污染。到目前为止，OPT在研究中受到的关注较少。因此，本综述总结了将OPT用于主要由OPT衍生的油棕纤维制成的产品，以及其作为木板产品替代品的应用。已经开展了一些关于源自OPT的油棕纤维的研究工作，以挖掘其作为复合板产品原材料的潜力，这也是本综述的目标。发展领域包括加工成各种传统复合板产品，如通常主要由木材制成并通过合成树脂粘结的胶合板和层压板、带有粘合剂的刨花板、无粘合剂的刨花板以及以木材为次要成分的水泥板。所有这些产品都已根据作者的最佳知识和文献综述进行了技术介绍和描述。
