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利用生物炭提高花椰菜（L.）的可持续作物产量

Use of Biochar to Improve the Sustainable Crop Production of Cauliflower ( L.).

作者信息

Losacco Daniela, Tumolo Marina, Cotugno Pietro, Leone Natalia, Massarelli Carmine, Convertini Stefano, Tursi Angelo, Uricchio Vito Felice, Ancona Valeria

机构信息

Water Research Institute-Italian National Research Council (IRSA-CNR), 70132 Bari, BA, Italy.

Department of Biology, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, BA, Italy.

出版信息

Plants (Basel). 2022 Apr 27;11(9):1182. doi: 10.3390/plants11091182.

DOI:10.3390/plants11091182
PMID:35567183
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9103171/
Abstract

In agriculture, biochar (B) application has been suggested as a green technology to reduce nitrate pollution from agricultural origins and improve crop yield. The agronomic impact of B use on soil has been extensively studied, while knowledge of its possible effects on horticultural cultivation is still scarce. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of using biochar in soils treated with two different rates of nitrogen fertilizers on soil properties and nitrogen (N) leachate. This study also investigated the vegetative parameters during the crop growing season of L. var. . Soil mesocosms were set up to test the following treatments: untreated/control (C); normal dose of N fertilizer (130 kg N ha) (ND); ND+B; high dose of N fertilizer (260 kg N ha) (HD); and HD+B. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were exploited to assess biochar's ability to reduce nitrate leaching and enhance soil-vegetative properties. Biochar addition affected the soil chemical properties of the fertilized microcosms (ND and HD). Biochar increased the NH4+ content in HD soil and the NO3- content in ND soil by 26 mg/L and 48.76 mg/L, respectively. The results showed that biochar application increased the marketable cauliflower yield. In ND+B and HD+B, the curd weight was 880.68 kg and 1097.60 kg, respectively. In addition, a small number of nitrogenous compounds in the leachate were quantified in experimental lines with the biochar. Therefore, biochar use improves the marketable yield of horticulture, mitigating the negative impacts associated with the mass use of N fertilizers in agriculture.

摘要

在农业领域，施用生物炭（B）被认为是一种绿色技术，可减少农业源硝酸盐污染并提高作物产量。生物炭对土壤的农艺影响已得到广泛研究，而其对园艺栽培可能产生的影响的相关知识仍很匮乏。开展了一项温室试验，以评估在施用两种不同氮肥用量的土壤中使用生物炭对土壤性质和氮（N）淋溶的影响。本研究还调查了变种作物生长季节的营养参数。设置土壤微宇宙来测试以下处理：未处理/对照（C）；正常剂量氮肥（130 kg N/ha）（ND）；ND + B；高剂量氮肥（260 kg N/ha）（HD）；以及HD + B。利用主成分分析和聚类分析来评估生物炭减少硝酸盐淋溶和增强土壤-植物特性的能力。添加生物炭影响了施肥微宇宙（ND和HD）的土壤化学性质。生物炭使HD土壤中的NH4+含量和ND土壤中的NO3-含量分别增加了26 mg/L和48.76 mg/L。结果表明，施用生物炭提高了菜花的可销售产量。在ND + B和HD + B中，花球重量分别为880.68 kg和1097.60 kg。此外，在添加生物炭的试验组中对渗滤液中的少量含氮化合物进行了定量分析。因此，使用生物炭提高了园艺作物的可销售产量，减轻了农业中大量使用氮肥带来的负面影响。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/4c37efc0e196/plants-11-01182-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/63918ed621fd/plants-11-01182-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/a4fc6fb7bda8/plants-11-01182-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/b02a81be166c/plants-11-01182-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/61a63012ca35/plants-11-01182-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/df879625dfe0/plants-11-01182-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/1f8436f00152/plants-11-01182-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/37f559a2e863/plants-11-01182-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/4a0f1dcdbd95/plants-11-01182-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/9d997f52003c/plants-11-01182-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/4c37efc0e196/plants-11-01182-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/63918ed621fd/plants-11-01182-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/a4fc6fb7bda8/plants-11-01182-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/b02a81be166c/plants-11-01182-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/61a63012ca35/plants-11-01182-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/df879625dfe0/plants-11-01182-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/1f8436f00152/plants-11-01182-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/37f559a2e863/plants-11-01182-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/4a0f1dcdbd95/plants-11-01182-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/9d997f52003c/plants-11-01182-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/595a/9103171/4c37efc0e196/plants-11-01182-g010.jpg

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