Simiyu David Charles, Jang Jin Hoon, Lee Ok Ran
Department of Applied Plant Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
AgriBio Institute of Climate Change Management, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.
Plants (Basel). 2022 May 2;11(9):1236. doi: 10.3390/plants11091236.
L. is an illegal plant in many countries. The worldwide criminalization of the plant has for many years limited its research. Consequently, understanding the full scope of its benefits and harm became limited too. However, in recent years the world has witnessed an increased pace in legalization and decriminalization of . This has prompted an increase in scientific studies on various aspects of the plant's growth, development, and use. This review brings together the historical and current information about the plant's relationship with mankind. We highlight the important aspects of classification and identification, carefully analyzing the supporting arguments for both monotypic (single species) and polytypic (multiple species) perspectives. The review also identifies recent studies on suitable conditions and methods for propagation as well as highlighting the diverse uses of the plant. Specifically, we describe the beneficial and harmful effects of the prominent phytocannabinoids and provide status of the studies on heterologous synthesis of phytocannabinoids in different biological systems. With a historical view on legality, the review also provides an up-to-date worldwide standpoint on its regulation. Finally, we present a summary of the studies on genome editing and suggest areas for future research.
L.在许多国家都是非法植物。多年来，该植物在全球范围内被定为犯罪行为，限制了对其的研究。因此，对其益处和危害的全面了解也变得有限。然而，近年来，世界见证了L.合法化和非刑罪化步伐的加快。这促使对该植物生长、发育和使用的各个方面的科学研究有所增加。本综述汇集了有关该植物与人类关系的历史和当前信息。我们强调了L.分类和鉴定的重要方面，仔细分析了单型（单一物种）和多型（多个物种）观点的支持论据。该综述还确定了关于L.繁殖适宜条件和方法的近期研究，并突出了该植物的多种用途。具体而言，我们描述了主要植物大麻素的有益和有害影响，并提供了不同生物系统中植物大麻素异源合成研究的现状。从L.合法性的历史视角出发，该综述还提供了其监管的最新全球观点。最后，我们总结了基因组编辑研究，并提出了未来研究的领域。
