Laboratory of Parasitology and Vector-Borne-Diseases, Institut Pasteur du Maroc, Casablanca, Morocco; Biochemistry, Biotechnology, and Immunophysiopathology Research Team, Health and Environment Laboratory, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Aïn Chock Faculty of Sciences, Morocco.
Biochemistry, Biotechnology, and Immunophysiopathology Research Team, Health and Environment Laboratory, Hassan II University of Casablanca, Aïn Chock Faculty of Sciences, Morocco.
Acta Trop. 2022 Aug;232:106512. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106512. Epub 2022 May 12.
The genus Leishmania comprises a wide range of species, some of which are pathogenic to humans and each of which has a different tissue preference, resulting in one of the three clinical forms of human leishmaniasis: visceral, cutaneous, or mucocutaneous. Although, all pathogenic species are deposited intradermally in the mammalian host upon an infectious sand fly bite, only the viscerotropic strains can leave the skin and reach the internal organs. We assume that Leishmania tissue tropism is not only the result of Leishmania genetic determinism but is also governed by the interaction of the parasite with different vectorial and human host elements. To shed light on these elements and key steps determining the course of the infection, we describe throughout this review the disease's progression from the early stages of infection taking place in the skin to the late stages succeeding in the parasite's visceral dissemination. Hence, we address the question of Leishmania tropism, through providing relevant hypotheses and answers gathered from the literature.
利什曼原虫属包含了广泛的物种，其中一些对人类具有致病性，每种物种都有不同的组织嗜性，导致人类利什曼病的三种临床形式之一：内脏型、皮肤型或黏膜皮肤型。尽管所有致病性物种在感染性沙蝇叮咬后都会在哺乳动物宿主体内被内皮下沉积，但只有内脏嗜性株才能离开皮肤并到达内脏器官。我们假设利什曼虫组织嗜性不仅是利什曼虫遗传决定的结果，还受到寄生虫与不同媒介和人类宿主因素相互作用的影响。为了阐明这些因素和决定感染过程的关键步骤，我们在整篇综述中描述了从发生在皮肤的感染早期阶段到寄生虫内脏传播成功的晚期阶段的疾病进展。因此，我们通过从文献中收集相关假设和答案来探讨利什曼虫嗜性的问题。
