Shi Yanlong, Ma Xinyu, Wang Menglu, Lan Sheng, Jian Haokun, Wang Yue, Wei Qian, Zhong Fei
Department of General Surgery, Fuyang Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, China.
Department of Oncology, Fuyang Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Fuyang, Anhui, China.
Cancer Cell Int. 2022 May 14;22(1):188. doi: 10.1186/s12935-022-02610-1.
Anillin (ANLN) is an actin-binding protein that is essential for cell division and contributes to cell growth and migration. Although previous studies have shown that ANLN is related to carcinogenesis, no pan-cancer analyses of ANLN have been reported. Accordingly, in this study, we evaluated the carcinogenic roles of ANLN in various cancer types using online databases.
We evaluated the potential carcinogenic roles of ANLN using TIMER2 and Gene Expression Omnibus databases with 33 types of cancers. We further investigated the associations of ANLN with patient prognosis, genetic alterations, phosphorylation levels, and immune infiltration in multiple cancers using GEPIA2, cBioPortal, UACLAN, and TIMER2 databases. Additionally, the potential functions of ANLN were explored using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry were used to determine ANLN mRNA and protein expression in colorectal cancer (CRC), gastric cancer (GC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines.
ANLN was overexpressed in various tumor tissues compared with corresponding normal tissues, and significant correlations between ANLN expression and patient prognosis, genetic alterations, phosphorylation levels, and immune infiltration were noted. Moreover, enrichment analysis suggested that ANLN functionally affected endocytosis, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, and oxytocin signaling pathways. Importantly, ANLN mRNA and protein expression levels were upregulated in gastrointestinal cancers, including CRC, GC, and HCC.
Our findings suggested that ANLN participated in tumorigenesis and cancer progression and may have applications as a promising biomarker of immune infiltration and prognosis in various cancers.
锚蛋白（ANLN）是一种肌动蛋白结合蛋白，对细胞分裂至关重要，并有助于细胞生长和迁移。尽管先前的研究表明ANLN与致癌作用有关，但尚未有关于ANLN的泛癌分析报道。因此，在本研究中，我们使用在线数据库评估了ANLN在各种癌症类型中的致癌作用。
我们使用TIMER2和基因表达综合数据库对33种癌症类型评估ANLN的潜在致癌作用。我们进一步使用GEPIA2、cBioPortal、UACLAN和TIMER2数据库研究了ANLN与多种癌症患者预后、基因改变、磷酸化水平和免疫浸润的关联。此外，使用基因本体论和京都基因与基因组百科全书分析探索了ANLN的潜在功能。采用逆转录定量聚合酶链反应和免疫组织化学法测定结直肠癌（CRC）、胃癌（GC）和肝细胞癌（HCC）细胞系中ANLN的mRNA和蛋白表达。
与相应的正常组织相比，ANLN在各种肿瘤组织中均过表达，并且注意到ANLN表达与患者预后、基因改变、磷酸化水平和免疫浸润之间存在显著相关性。此外，富集分析表明ANLN在功能上影响内吞作用、肌动蛋白细胞骨架调节和催产素信号通路。重要的是，在包括CRC、GC和HCC在内的胃肠道癌症中，ANLN的mRNA和蛋白表达水平上调。
我们的研究结果表明，ANLN参与肿瘤发生和癌症进展，并且可能作为各种癌症中免疫浸润和预后的有前景的生物标志物具有应用价值。
