Bloomage Biotechnology Corporation Limited, Shanghai 200131, People's Republic of China.
Division of Perfume and Cosmetics, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, People's Republic of China.
Curr Drug Deliv. 2023;20(8):1195-1205. doi: 10.2174/1567201819666220513122319.
The aim of this study was to encapsulate glabridin (GB) into nanoparticles, prepared by an ionic-gelation method blended with chitosan (CS) and poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) to address the issue of poor stability and low water solubility of glabridin.
The physicochemical properties of nanoparticles were investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.
FT-IR results indicated that the spontaneous interaction between CS, γ-PGA and GB can form a cross linked network-structure, leading to the spontaneous formation of nanoparticles. Morphology of the complex particles was nano-scale spherical shape. Furthermore, particle size was decreased according to the decrease of γ-PGA contents and CS, accompanying with the increase of mixed solution transmittance. The m: m = 1: 1 and mCS: (m+ m) =1: 1 were considered to be a proper preparation condition of CS/γ-PGA/GB hybrid nanoparticles, which produced the smaller nanoparticles with the satisfactory encapsulation efficiency (EE), loading content (LC) and sustained GB release. With the increase of pH values, the potential, EE, and LC decreased gradually, while the particle size increased. The nanoparticles prepared with higher molecular weight γ-PGA had larger particle size and less loading capacity on GB. Additionally, moderate weight ratio of CS/γ-PGA/GB, low pH, and high molecular weight of γ-PGA were favorable for sustained release.
It can be concluded that the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles and GB release behaviors were affected by several factors including the weight ratio of CS/γ-PGA/GB, pHvalues, and γ-PGA molecular weight (MW). Nanoencapsulation using CS, γ-PGA and GB has a potential application for the development of functional cosmetic products with skin-whitening effect.
本研究旨在将格拉丁（GB）包封入纳米颗粒中，通过离子凝胶法制备，与壳聚糖（CS）和聚γ-谷氨酸（γ-PGA）混合，以解决格拉丁稳定性差和水溶性低的问题。
通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）、动态光散射（DLS）和傅里叶变换红外（FT-IR）光谱研究纳米颗粒的物理化学性质。
FT-IR 结果表明，CS、γ-PGA 和 GB 之间的自发相互作用可以形成交联网络结构，导致纳米颗粒的自发形成。复合粒子的形态为纳米级球形。此外，随着γ-PGA 含量和 CS 减少，颗粒尺寸减小，混合溶液透光率增加。m:m=1:1 和 mCS:(m+m)=1:1 被认为是 CS/γ-PGA/GB 杂化纳米颗粒的适当制备条件，可产生较小的纳米颗粒，具有满意的包封效率（EE）、载药量（LC）和持续的 GB 释放。随着 pH 值的增加，电位、EE 和 LC 逐渐降低，而颗粒尺寸增加。用较高分子量的 γ-PGA 制备的纳米颗粒粒径较大，对 GB 的载药量较小。此外，CS/γ-PGA/GB 的适当重量比、较低的 pH 值和较高分子量的 γ-PGA 有利于持续释放。
可以得出结论，纳米颗粒的物理化学性质和 GB 释放行为受到 CS/γ-PGA/GB 重量比、pH 值和 γ-PGA 分子量（MW）等几个因素的影响。CS、γ-PGA 和 GB 的纳米封装具有开发具有美白效果的功能性化妆品的潜力。
