Madhuvilakku Rajesh, Yen Yi-Kuang, Yan Wei-Mon, Huang Guang-Wei
Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
Department of Energy and Refrigeration Air-Conditioning Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan.
ACS Omega. 2022 Apr 29;7(18):15936-15950. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01069. eCollection 2022 May 10.
The analysis of pharmaceutical active ingredients plays an important role in quality control and clinical trials because they have a significant physiological effect on the human body even at low concentrations. Herein, a flexible three-electrode system using laser-scribed graphene (LSG) technology, which consists of Nafion/FeO nanohybrids immobilized on LSG as the working electrode and LSG counter and reference electrodes on a single polyimide film, is presented. A Nafion/FeO/LSG electrode is constructed by drop coating a solution of Nafion/FeO, which is electrostatically self-assembled between positively charged FeO and negatively charged Nafion on the LSG electrode and is used for the first time to determine a neurotoxicity drug (clioquinol; CQL) in biological samples. Owing to their porous 3D structure, an enriched surface area at the active edges and polar groups (OH, COOH, and -SOH) in Nafion/FeO/LSG electrodes resulted in excellent wettability to facilitate electrolyte diffusion, which gave ∼twofold enhancement in electrocatalytic activity over LSG electrodes. The experimental parameters affecting the analytical performance were investigated. The quantification of clioquinol on the Nafion/FeO/LSG electrode surface was examined using differential pulse voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques. The fabricated sensor displays preferable sensitivity (17.4 μA μM cm), a wide linear range (1 nM to 100 μM), a very low detection limit (0.73 nM), and acceptable selectivity toward quantitative analysis of CQL. Furthermore, the reliability of the sensor was checked by CQL detection in spiked human blood serum and urine samples, and satisfactory recoveries were obtained.
药物活性成分的分析在质量控制和临床试验中起着重要作用，因为即使在低浓度下，它们对人体也有显著的生理影响。在此，提出了一种使用激光刻写石墨烯（LSG）技术的柔性三电极系统，该系统由固定在LSG上的Nafion/FeO纳米杂化物作为工作电极以及在单个聚酰亚胺薄膜上的LSG对电极和参比电极组成。通过滴涂Nafion/FeO溶液构建Nafion/FeO/LSG电极，该溶液在带正电的FeO和带负电的Nafion之间在LSG电极上静电自组装，首次用于测定生物样品中的神经毒性药物（氯碘羟喹；CQL）。由于其多孔三维结构、活性边缘处富集的表面积以及Nafion/FeO/LSG电极中的极性基团（OH、COOH和 -SOH），具有优异的润湿性以促进电解质扩散，这使得其电催化活性比LSG电极提高了约两倍。研究了影响分析性能的实验参数。使用差分脉冲伏安法和计时电流法技术研究了Nafion/FeO/LSG电极表面上氯碘羟喹的定量分析。所制备的传感器显示出较好的灵敏度（17.4 μA μM cm）、较宽的线性范围（1 nM至100 μM）、极低的检测限（0.73 nM）以及对CQL定量分析可接受的选择性。此外，通过在加标的人血清和尿液样品中检测CQL来检查传感器的可靠性，并获得了令人满意的回收率。
