Ju Young-Jun, Lee Kyung-Min, Kim Girak, Kye Yoon-Chul, Kim Han Wool, Chu Hyuk, Park Byung-Chul, Cho Jae-Ho, Chang Pahn-Shick, Han Seung Hyun, Yun Cheol-Heui
Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
Division of Zoonotic and Vector Borne Disease Research, Center for Infectious Disease Research, National Institute of Health, Cheongju 28159, Korea.
Immune Netw. 2022 Mar 30;22(2):e16. doi: 10.4110/in.2022.22.e16. eCollection 2022 Apr.
The gastrointestinal tract is the first organ directly affected by fasting. However, little is known about how fasting influences the intestinal immune system. Intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) capture antigens, migrate to secondary lymphoid organs, and provoke adaptive immune responses. We evaluated the changes of intestinal DCs in mice with short-term fasting and their effects on protective immunity against (LM). Fasting induced an increased number of CD103CD11b DCs in both small intestinal lamina propria (SILP) and mesenteric lymph nodes (mLN). The SILP CD103CD11b DCs showed proliferation and migration, coincident with increased levels of GM-CSF and C-C chemokine receptor type 7, respectively. At 24 h post-infection with LM, there was a significant reduction in the bacterial burden in the spleen, liver, and mLN of the short-term-fasted mice compared to those fed . Also, short-term-fasted mice showed increased survival after LM infection compared with -fed mice. It could be that significantly high TGF-β2 and Aldh1a2 expression in CD103CD11b DCs in mice infected with LM might affect to increase of Foxp3 regulatory T cells. Changes of major subset of DCs from CD103 to CD103 may induce the increase of IFN-γ-producing cells with forming Th1-biased environment. Therefore, the short-term fasting affects protection against LM infection by changing major subset of intestinal DCs from tolerogenic to Th1 immunogenic.
胃肠道是禁食直接影响的首个器官。然而，关于禁食如何影响肠道免疫系统，人们所知甚少。肠道树突状细胞（DCs）捕获抗原，迁移至次级淋巴器官，并引发适应性免疫反应。我们评估了短期禁食小鼠肠道DCs的变化及其对抵抗鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（LM）保护性免疫的影响。禁食导致小肠固有层（SILP）和肠系膜淋巴结（mLN）中CD103⁺CD11b⁻ DCs数量增加。SILP CD103⁺CD11b⁻ DCs分别出现增殖和迁移，同时GM-CSF和C-C趋化因子受体7水平升高。感染LM后24小时，与喂食小鼠相比，短期禁食小鼠脾脏、肝脏和mLN中的细菌载量显著降低。此外，与喂食小鼠相比，短期禁食小鼠在感染LM后存活率增加。可能是感染LM小鼠的CD103⁺CD11b⁻ DCs中显著高表达的TGF-β2和Aldh1a2可能影响Foxp3调节性T细胞的增加。DCs主要亚群从CD103⁻CD11b⁺向CD103⁺CD11b⁻的变化可能通过形成Th1偏向环境诱导产生IFN-γ的细胞增加。因此，短期禁食通过将肠道DCs的主要亚群从致耐受性转变为Th1免疫原性来影响对LM感染的保护作用。
