Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 4121 Wilson Blvd, 6(th) Floor, Arlington, VA 22203, United States.
Accid Anal Prev. 2022 Jul;172:106686. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2022.106686. Epub 2022 May 14.
Automatic emergency braking (AEB) that detects pedestrians has great potential to reduce pedestrian crashes. The objective of this study was to examine its effects on real-world police-reported crashes.
Two methods were used to assess the effects of pedestrian-detecting AEB on pedestrian crash risk. Vehicles with and without the system were examined on models where it was an optional feature. Poisson regression was used to estimate the effects of AEB on pedestrian crash rates per insured vehicle year, and quasi-induced exposure using logistic regression compared involvement in pedestrian crashes to a system-irrelevant crash type.
AEB with pedestrian detection was associated with significant reductions of 25%-27% in pedestrian crash risk and 29%-30% in pedestrian injury crash risk. However, there was not evidence that that the system was effective in dark conditions without street lighting, at speed limits of 50 mph or greater, or while the AEB-equipped vehicle was turning.
Pedestrian-detecting AEB is reducing pedestrian crashes, but its effectiveness could be even greater. For the system to make meaningful reductions in pedestrian fatalities, it is crucial for it to work well in dark and high-speed conditions. Other proven interventions to reduce pedestrian crashes under challenging circumstances, such as improved headlights and roadway-based countermeasures, should continue to be implemented in conjunction with use of AEB to prevent pedestrian crashes most effectively.
自动紧急制动（AEB）检测行人具有很大潜力可降低行人碰撞事故。本研究旨在考察其对实际警方报告碰撞事故的影响。
采用两种方法评估行人检测 AEB 对行人碰撞风险的影响。在系统为可选功能的车型上，对装有和未装该系统的车辆进行了检查。泊松回归用于估计 AEB 对每辆保险车辆年行人碰撞率的影响，而准诱导暴露则使用逻辑回归将行人碰撞事故与与系统无关的碰撞类型进行比较。
配备行人检测功能的 AEB 显著降低了 25%-27%的行人碰撞风险和 29%-30%的行人受伤碰撞风险。然而，没有证据表明该系统在无路灯的黑暗环境、限速 50 英里/小时或更高速度下，或在装有 AEB 的车辆转弯时有效。
行人检测 AEB 正在降低行人碰撞事故，但它的有效性可能更大。为了使该系统在行人死亡方面取得有意义的减少，至关重要的是，它在黑暗和高速条件下要能良好运行。在有挑战性的情况下，应继续实施其他经过验证的降低行人碰撞事故的干预措施，如改进头灯和基于道路的对策，与 AEB 的使用相结合，以最有效地防止行人碰撞事故。
