Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Institute of Molecular, Cell & Systems Biology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, Joseph Black Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment, Division of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, United Kingdom.
Biomaterials. 2022 Jul;286:121568. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121568. Epub 2022 May 7.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are fundamental to the generation of the body's blood and immune cells. They reside primarily within the bone marrow (BM) niche microenvironment, which provides signals responsible for the regulation of HSC activities. While our understanding of these signalling mechanisms continues to improve, our ability to recapitulate them in vitro to harness the clinical potential of the HSC populations is still lacking. Recent studies have applied novel engineering techniques combined with traditional in vitro work to establish ex vivo BM niche models. These models exhibit promising potential for research and clinical applications. In this review, BM niche factors that regulate the HSCs in vivo are discussed and their applications in the engineering of BM biomaterial-based platforms are considered. Many questions remain regarding the heterogeneity of niche components and the interactions of HSCs with their microenvironment. A greater understanding of the niche would help to elucidate these remaining questions, leading to the development of novel therapeutic tools.
造血干细胞（HSCs）是生成体内血液和免疫细胞的基础。它们主要存在于骨髓（BM）龛微环境中，该微环境提供了调节 HSC 活性的信号。尽管我们对这些信号机制的理解在不断提高，但我们在体外重现这些信号机制以利用 HSC 群体的临床潜力的能力仍然不足。最近的研究应用了新型工程技术并结合传统的体外工作来建立体外 BM 龛模型。这些模型在研究和临床应用方面具有很大的潜力。在这篇综述中，讨论了调节体内 HSCs 的 BM 龛因子，并考虑了它们在基于 BM 生物材料平台的工程中的应用。关于龛位成分的异质性以及 HSCs 与其微环境的相互作用，仍有许多问题亟待解决。对龛位的更深入了解将有助于阐明这些剩余的问题，从而开发新的治疗工具。
