Département de Psychiatrie et d'addictologie, AP-HP, GHU Paris Nord, DMU Neurosciences, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, 75018, Paris, France.
Centre Psychiatrique d'Orientation et d'Accueil (CPOA), Hôpital Sainte Anne, GHU Paris Psychiatrie & Neurosciences, 1 Rue Cabanis, 75014, Paris, France.
Sci Rep. 2022 May 17;12(1):8231. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-12215-3.
The objective of this study was to examine the evolution of suicides and suicide attempts over the last 10 years in France. We analyzed the number of deaths by suicide and suicide attempts in metropolitan France (2009-2018) from French national databases, on a daily, weekly or monthly basis. Seasonal variation in suicide rates was modeled using a cosinor function. Based on this model, we determined the association of suicides and suicide attempts with geographic characteristics, age, gender, means used and psychiatric disorders. The number of suicides and suicide attempts decreased over the last ten years in France (mean decrease of 14.49% and 11.69% per year). We observed a significant and recurrent seasonal pattern of suicides and suicide attempts in France, with a peak in spring. The suicide and suicide attempt rates were higher in the northern departments of France. Suicides were more frequent for men (75%) and middle-age individuals (45-54 years old), while suicide attempts were more frequent for women (62%) and young adults and middle-age individual (15-19 and 40-49 years old). Nearly two-thirds of the patients who attempted suicide suffered from comorbid psychiatric disorders. Mood disorders was the most frequent comorbid psychiatric disorder (54%). Voluntary drug intoxication was the most common means of suicide attempt (80%), and hanging was the most common means of suicide (54%). The number of suicides and suicide attempts decreased in France over the last 10 years, with large and recurrent seasonal variations. These findings could be used to alert and adjust prevention policies, as well as developing preventive strategies such as chronotherapeutics.
本研究旨在考察过去 10 年法国自杀和自杀未遂的演变情况。我们分析了法国国家数据库中法国本土（2009-2018 年）自杀死亡人数和自杀未遂人数，每日、每周或每月进行分析。使用余弦函数对自杀率的季节性变化进行建模。基于该模型，我们确定了自杀和自杀未遂与地理特征、年龄、性别、使用的手段和精神障碍之间的关联。过去十年中，法国的自杀和自杀未遂人数呈下降趋势（每年分别下降 14.49%和 11.69%）。我们观察到法国自杀和自杀未遂存在显著且反复出现的季节性模式，春季达到高峰。法国北部省份的自杀和自杀未遂率较高。自杀者中男性（75%）和中年（45-54 岁）居多，而自杀未遂者中女性（62%）和青年及中年（15-19 岁和 40-49 岁）居多。近三分之二的自杀未遂患者患有共病精神障碍。心境障碍是最常见的共病精神障碍（54%）。自愿药物中毒是最常见的自杀未遂手段（80%），而上吊是最常见的自杀手段（54%）。过去 10 年来，法国的自杀和自杀未遂人数呈下降趋势，且季节性变化幅度大且反复出现。这些发现可用于提醒和调整预防政策，以及制定预防性策略，如时间治疗学。
