Unit of Psychiatry, Institute of Translational Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China.
National Clinical Research Centre for Mental Disorders and Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, and Advanced Innovation Centre for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2019 Jun 7;29:e39. doi: 10.1017/S2045796019000313.
Suicide attempt is an important indicator of suicide and potential future mortality. However, the prevalence of suicide attempts has been inconsistent across studies. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the prevalence of suicide attempts in individuals with schizophrenia and associated correlates.
Relevant publications in Embase, PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of science and Cochrane were systematically searched. Data on the prevalence of suicide attempts in individuals with schizophrenia were pooled using a random-effects model.
Thirty-five studies with 16 747 individuals with schizophrenia were included. The pooled lifetime prevalence of suicide attempts was 26.8% (95% CI 22.1-31.9%; I2 = 97.0%), while the 1-year prevalence, 1-month prevalence and the prevalence of suicide attempts from illness onset were 3.0% (95% CI 2.3-3.7%; I2 = 95.6%), 2.7% (95% CI 2.1-3.4%; I2 = 78.5%) and 45.9% (95% CI 42.1-49.9%; I2 = 0), respectively. Earlier age of onset (Q = 4.38, p = 0.04), high-income countries (Q = 53.29, p < 0.001), North America and Europe and Central Asia (Q = 32.83, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with a higher prevalence of suicide attempts.
Suicide attempts are common in individuals with schizophrenia, especially those with an early age of onset and living in high-income countries and regions. Regular screening and effective preventive measures should be implemented as part of the clinical care.
自杀企图是自杀和潜在未来死亡率的重要指标。然而，自杀企图的发生率在不同的研究中并不一致。本荟萃分析旨在检查精神分裂症患者自杀企图的发生率及其相关因素。
系统检索了 Embase、PsycINFO、PubMed、Web of science 和 Cochrane 中的相关文献。使用随机效应模型汇总了精神分裂症患者自杀企图发生率的数据。
纳入了 35 项研究，共 16747 名精神分裂症患者。自杀企图的终生发生率为 26.8%（95%CI 22.1-31.9%；I2=97.0%），1 年、1 个月和发病后自杀企图的发生率分别为 3.0%（95%CI 2.3-3.7%；I2=95.6%）、2.7%（95%CI 2.1-3.4%；I2=78.5%）和 45.9%（95%CI 42.1-49.9%；I2=0）。发病年龄较早（Q=4.38，p=0.04）、高收入国家（Q=53.29，p<0.001）、北美和欧洲及中亚（Q=32.83，p<0.001）与自杀企图发生率较高显著相关。
自杀企图在精神分裂症患者中很常见，尤其是那些发病年龄较早、生活在高收入国家和地区的患者。应作为临床护理的一部分，定期进行筛查并采取有效的预防措施。
