Institute of Plant Physiology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Weinbergweg 10, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
New Phytol. 2022 Aug;235(4):1315-1329. doi: 10.1111/nph.18259. Epub 2022 Jun 23.
One of the key functions of mitochondria is the production of ATP to support cellular metabolism and growth. The last step of mitochondrial ATP synthesis is performed by the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system, an ensemble of protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. In the last 25 yr, many structures of OXPHOS complexes and supercomplexes have been resolved in yeast, mammals, and bacteria. However, structures of plant OXPHOS enzymes only became available very recently. In this review, we highlight the plant-specific features revealed by the recent structures and discuss how they advance our understanding of the function and assembly of plant OXPHOS complexes. We also propose new hypotheses to be tested and discuss older findings to be re-evaluated. Further biochemical and structural work on the plant OXPHOS system will lead to a deeper understanding of plant respiration and its regulation, with significant agricultural, environmental, and societal implications.
线粒体的一个关键功能是产生 ATP 来支持细胞代谢和生长。线粒体 ATP 合成的最后一步由氧化磷酸化（OXPHOS）系统完成，该系统是一组嵌入线粒体内膜的蛋白质复合物。在过去的 25 年中，已经解析了酵母、哺乳动物和细菌中 OXPHOS 复合物和超复合物的许多结构。然而，植物 OXPHOS 酶的结构直到最近才可用。在这篇综述中，我们强调了最近的结构揭示的植物特异性特征，并讨论了它们如何促进我们对植物 OXPHOS 复合物的功能和组装的理解。我们还提出了有待验证的新假设，并讨论了有待重新评估的旧发现。对植物 OXPHOS 系统的进一步生化和结构研究将深入了解植物呼吸作用及其调控，这具有重要的农业、环境和社会意义。
