School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
Plant Physiol. 2023 May 31;192(2):728-747. doi: 10.1093/plphys/kiad108.
Mitochondria are central organelles for respiration in plants. At the heart of this process is oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system, which generates ATP required for cellular energetic needs. OXPHOS complexes comprise of multiple subunits that originated from both mitochondrial and nuclear genome, which requires careful orchestration of expression, translation, import, and assembly. Constant exposure to reactive oxygen species due to redox activity also renders OXPHOS subunits to be more prone to oxidative damage, which requires coordination of disassembly and degradation. In this review, we highlight the composition, assembly, and activity of OXPHOS complexes in plants based on recent biochemical and structural studies. We also discuss how plants regulate the biogenesis and turnover of OXPHOS subunits and the importance of OXPHOS in overall plant respiration. Further studies in determining the regulation of biogenesis and activity of OXPHOS will advances the field, especially in understanding plant respiration and its role to plant growth and development.
线粒体是植物呼吸的核心细胞器。这个过程的核心是氧化磷酸化（OXPHOS）系统，它产生细胞能量需求所需的 ATP。OXPHOS 复合物由多个亚基组成，这些亚基来源于线粒体和核基因组，这需要对表达、翻译、导入和组装进行精细的协调。由于氧化还原活性，持续暴露于活性氧物种也使 OXPHOS 亚基更容易受到氧化损伤，这需要协调拆卸和降解。在这篇综述中，我们根据最近的生化和结构研究，强调了植物中 OXPHOS 复合物的组成、组装和活性。我们还讨论了植物如何调节 OXPHOS 亚基的生物发生和周转，以及 OXPHOS 在植物整体呼吸中的重要性。进一步研究确定 OXPHOS 的生物发生和活性的调节将推动该领域的发展，特别是在理解植物呼吸及其对植物生长和发育的作用方面。
