Institut de recherche en biologie végétale, Département de sciences biologiques, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H1X 2B2, Canada.
Remote Sensing Laboratories, Department of Geography, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.
Nat Commun. 2022 May 19;13(1):2767. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-30369-6.
Monitoring the rapid and extensive changes in plant species distributions occurring worldwide requires large-scale, continuous and repeated biodiversity assessments. Imaging spectrometers are at the core of novel spaceborne sensor fleets designed for this task, but the degree to which they can capture plant species composition and diversity across ecosystems has yet to be determined. Here we use imaging spectroscopy and vegetation data collected by the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) to show that at the landscape level, spectral beta-diversity-calculated directly from spectral images-captures changes in plant species composition across all major biomes in the United States ranging from arctic tundra to tropical forests. At the local level, however, the relationship between spectral alpha- and plant alpha-diversity was positive only at sites with high canopy density and large plant-to-pixel size. Our study demonstrates that changes in plant species composition and diversity can be effectively and reliably assessed with imaging spectroscopy across terrestrial ecosystems at the beta-diversity scale-the spatial scale of spaceborne missions-paving the way for close-to-real-time biodiversity monitoring at the planetary level.
监测全球范围内植物物种分布的快速和广泛变化需要大规模、连续和重复的生物多样性评估。成像光谱仪是专为这项任务设计的新型星载传感器机队的核心,但它们在多大程度上能够捕捉到生态系统中的植物物种组成和多样性,还有待确定。在这里,我们使用成像光谱学和由国家生态观测网络(NEON)收集的植被数据表明,在景观水平上,直接从光谱图像计算得出的光谱β多样性可以捕捉到美国从北极苔原到热带森林的所有主要生物群落中植物物种组成的变化。然而,在局部水平上,光谱α多样性和植物α多样性之间的关系仅在具有高冠层密度和大的植物-像素大小的地点呈正相关。我们的研究表明,成像光谱学可以有效地和可靠地评估陆地生态系统在β多样性尺度(星载任务的空间尺度)上的植物物种组成和多样性变化,为在行星水平上进行近乎实时的生物多样性监测铺平了道路。