Imes S, Pinchbeck B R, Thomson A B
J Am Diet Assoc. 1987 Apr;87(4):457-62.
The nutrient intake of 137 outpatients with Crohn's disease was recorded, and the effect of diet counseling was assessed. Half the patients received monthly diet counseling that was individualized and aimed at normalizing nutrient intake; the other half of the patients received no diet counseling and served as controls. Over the 6-month study period, the mean nutrient intakes met or exceeded the 1980 U.S. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for all nutrients except folate in the men and iron and folate in the women. However, at study entry, for each nutrient there was a substantial proportion of patients whose intake did not meet the full RDA. Less than 50% of the men consumed the full RDA for energy and folate, and less than 50% of the women consumed the full RDA for energy, folate, calcium, iron, thiamin, and vitamin B-12. Monthly diet counseling sessions were associated with increases in the mean intake of most nutrients, whereas similar improvement was not observed in the control group members, who did not receive counseling. By 6 months, significantly more counseled than non-counseled patients were consuming the full RDA for protein, riboflavin, and vitamin C (p less than .05). Thus, diet counseling was found to be an important tool for improving the nutrient intake of outpatients with Crohn's disease.
记录了137例克罗恩病门诊患者的营养摄入量，并评估了饮食咨询的效果。一半患者每月接受个性化饮食咨询，旨在使营养摄入正常化；另一半患者不接受饮食咨询，作为对照组。在6个月的研究期内，除男性的叶酸以及女性的铁和叶酸外，所有营养素的平均营养摄入量均达到或超过1980年美国推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）。然而，在研究开始时，每种营养素都有相当比例的患者摄入量未达到完整的RDA。不到50%的男性摄入了能量和叶酸的完整RDA，不到50%的女性摄入了能量、叶酸、钙、铁、硫胺素和维生素B-12的完整RDA。每月的饮食咨询与大多数营养素平均摄入量的增加相关，而未接受咨询的对照组成员未观察到类似改善。到6个月时，接受咨询的患者比未接受咨询的患者摄入蛋白质、核黄素和维生素C完整RDA的人数明显更多（p小于0.05）。因此，发现饮食咨询是改善克罗恩病门诊患者营养摄入的重要工具。
