Ogorek C P, Davidson L, Fisher R S, Krevsky B
Gastroenterology Section, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Am J Gastroenterol. 1991 Apr;86(4):423-8.
Idiopathic gastroparesis (IG), a disorder characterized by abnormally delayed emptying of food from the stomach, is associated with many symptoms that could have an impact on dietary intake. The intake of dietary protein, carbohydrate, fat, fiber, vitamins, and minerals was prospectively evaluated in patients with symptomatic IG and compared with asymptomatic controls. Twenty-four patients and 24 age- and sex-matched controls completed a detailed 7-day diet record while consuming a self-selected diet. Dietary information was entered into a computer and analyzed using the Nutranal program. Results were expressed as daily intake and percent recommended dietary allowance (%RDA) when applicable. Patients consumed a diet containing fewer calories than would have been predicted based on age, height, sex, frame, and weight (85% of calculated energy expenditure vs 100%) for controls. Although patients with IG consumed significantly fewer calories than controls (1112 kcal vs 1431 kcal), the proportion of fat (32% vs 34%), carbohydrate (49% vs 48%), and protein (17% vs 16%) was similar in the two groups. Intake of vitamins B6, vitamin C, folate, niacin, riboflavin, thiamine, calcium, copper, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, and zinc were below the %RDA. Intake of vitamin B12, vitamin C, folate, thiamine, niacin, magnesium, phosphorus, and zinc were significantly less than controls. Vitamin A intake was above the RDA and not different from that of controls. Prolonged t1/2 of solids correlated with diminished intake of protein, iron, niacin, and potassium. They correlated inversely with serum albumin in patients with idiopathic gastroparesis.
Although eating less, patients with IG do not consistently alter the proportion of fat, carbohydrate, and protein in their diets. Because their diet is markedly deficient in a number of essential vitamins and minerals, dietary evaluation and counseling is suggested for all patients with idiopathic gastroparesis.
特发性胃轻瘫（IG）是一种以胃内食物排空异常延迟为特征的疾病，与许多可能影响饮食摄入的症状相关。对有症状的IG患者的膳食蛋白质、碳水化合物、脂肪、纤维、维生素和矿物质的摄入量进行了前瞻性评估，并与无症状对照组进行了比较。24例患者和24例年龄及性别匹配的对照者在食用自选饮食的同时完成了详细的7天饮食记录。将饮食信息输入计算机，并使用Nutranal程序进行分析。结果在适用时以每日摄入量和推荐膳食摄入量百分比（%RDA）表示。患者摄入的热量低于根据年龄、身高、性别、体型和体重预测的热量（对照组为计算能量消耗的100%，患者为85%）。尽管IG患者摄入的热量明显低于对照组（1112千卡对1431千卡），但两组脂肪（32%对34%）、碳水化合物（49%对48%）和蛋白质（17%对16%）的比例相似。维生素B6、维生素C、叶酸、烟酸、核黄素、硫胺素、钙、铜、铁、镁、磷和锌的摄入量低于%RDA。维生素B12、维生素C、叶酸、硫胺素、烟酸、镁、磷和锌的摄入量明显低于对照组。维生素A的摄入量高于RDA，与对照组无差异。固体食物的t1/2延长与蛋白质、铁、烟酸和钾的摄入量减少相关。它们与特发性胃轻瘫患者的血清白蛋白呈负相关。
尽管IG患者进食较少，但他们并未持续改变饮食中脂肪、碳水化合物和蛋白质的比例。由于他们的饮食明显缺乏多种必需维生素和矿物质，建议对所有特发性胃轻瘫患者进行饮食评估和咨询。
